SAXIFRAGE FAMILY 115 



but is very plentiful all around the Yosemite and Hetch 

 Hetchy valleys. It also grows at Chilnualna Falls. 



S. radiatum Wats., of the Coast Ranges, was once reported 

 from the Yosemite, but doubtless in error. It has thin leaves, 

 broadest at base, those of the stem scarcely shorter than the 

 basal ones. 



SAXIFRAGACEAE. Saxifrage Family. 

 Herbs and shrubs, usually without stipules. Stamens 5 or 

 10 (numerous only in Philadelphus) and, like the petals, usu- 

 ally inserted on the calyx. Parts of the pistil commonly 

 fewer than the sepals, either distinct or united. 



A. Annual and perennial herbs. 



Stamens 10. 



Fruit of 2 cells or pods; petals entire 1. Saxifraga, 



Fruit 1-celled; petals entire or lobed 6. Tellima. 



Stamens 5. 



Leaves entire; flowers large, solitary 7. Parnassia. 



Leaves toothed; flowers clustered. 

 Stems leafy. 



Petals white; leaves 4 to 8 in. across 2. Boykinia. 



Petals purplish edged; leaves smaller 3. Bolandra. 



Stems naked except at base; flowers very small. 



Petals entire 4. Heuchera. 



Petals pinnately parted, greenish 5. Mitella. 



B. Shrubs with distinctly woody stems. 



Leaves opposite ; flowers white 8. Philadelphus. 



Leaves alternate 9. Ribes. 



1. SAXIFRAGA. Saxifrage. 

 Herbs, with simple mostly basal leaves, the naked stems 

 bearing terminal clusters of white or roseate flowers. Petals 

 5, entire. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Ovary either free from the 

 calyx or attached to its base, maturing into a 2-celled 2-beaked 

 capsule, or the cells forming nearly distinct pods. 



Leaves nearly orbicular, as broad as long. 



Blade of leaf H to 2 ft. broad 1. S. peltata. 



Blade of leaf 1 to 2y 2 in. broad 2. S. punctata. 



Leaves much longer than broad. 



Flowers solitary, terminating branchlets which also bear 



bud-like plantlets '. 3. S. bryophora. 



Flowers clustered. 



Leaves few, at the base of erect stems. 



Stems 6 to 15 in. high; flowers scattered in an open 



panicle 4. S. virginiensis. 



Stems 3 to 8 in. high; flowers mostly in a single 



terminal head 5. S. nivalis. 



Stems 1 to 3 ft. high; flowers in small clusters ter- 

 minating lateral branchlets 6. S. integrifolia. 



Leaves numerous along matted stems ,7. S. tolmiei. 



