234 HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY 



1. SAMBUCUS. Elder. 

 Shrubs and trees with rank odor when bruised, pinnately 

 compound leaves, and numerous small flowers in compound 

 clusters. Calyx-lobes minute or obsolete. Corolla open, 

 regular, the limb 5-cleft. Stamens 5. Stigmas 3. Fruit juicy, 

 berry-like, containing 3 seed-like nutlets. 



1. S. racemosa L. Red Elderberry. Herbage green and 

 nearly glabrous. Leaflets 5 (or 7), lanceolate, narrowed 

 above to slender tips, sharply toothed, 2^4 to 5 in. long, the 

 two sides nearly even at base. Flowers fragrant, pale yel- 

 low, in pyramidal or dome-shaped clusters \y 2 to 3 in. wide. 

 Fruit bright red. 



With us the Red Elderberry is a low shrub, the numerous 

 stems being only 2 to 4 ft. high. It is plentiful around Lake 

 Tenaya and in other moist situations from about 7000 ft. alt. 

 to timber-line. 



2. S. canadensis var. mexicana Sarg. Herbage soft with a 

 short pale pubescence. Leaflets 5 to 9, lanceolate, acute, 

 evenly toothed, 2 to 4 in. long, one side continued farther 

 down the stalk than the other. Flowers fragrant, pale yellow, 

 in flat-topped clusters 3 in. to a foot wide. Fruit unknown. 

 (S. velutina D. & H.) 



This elderberry is almost a tree, commonly growing to a 

 height of 10 to 15 ft. and with a distinct trunk. Its dis- 

 tinguishing marks are its broad, flat-topped flower-clusters, 

 its very pubescent herbage, and the white pith (brown in 

 no. 1). It grows in Yosemite Valley and is perhaps rather 

 common in the warmer parts of our district. 



S. glauca Nutt., the common Blue Elderberry of the foot- 

 hills, may reach our borders. It is known by its perfectly 

 glabrous herbage. The flower-clusters are flat-topped. 



2. SYMPHORICARPOS. Snowberry. 



Low shrubs with oval or roundish short-petioled simple 

 leaves. Flowers white, tinged with rose-color, in small clus- 

 ters. Calyx-teeth short. Corolla bell-shaped, 4 or 5-lobed, 

 with 4 or 5 stamens inserted in the throat. Fruit a 4-celled, 

 2-seeded berry. 

 Short-flowered, the corolla as broad as long. 



Leaves nearly glabrous 1. S. racemosus. 



Leaves densely soft-pubescent 2. 5". mollis. 



Long-flowered, the cylindric corolla much longer than 

 broad. 



Nutlets of fruit round at base 3. 5. rotundifolius. 



Nutlets pointed at base 4. 5. oreophilus. 



