246 COMPOSITE FAMILY 



1. S. multiradiata var. scopuldrum Gray. Stems ^ to 1 ft. 

 high, the terminal flower-cluster (of 5 to 20 heads) J^ to 2 in. 

 long. Leaves oblanceolate to lanceolate, mostly entire. 

 Heads }i in. high, including the yellow rays. — Common in 

 high meadows. 



2. S. elongata Nutt. Stems 1 to 4 ft. high, very leafy to the 

 top, the dense pyramidal panicle (of very many heads) 3 to 7 

 in. long. Leaves lanceolate, acute, sharply toothed. Heads 

 (including the yellow rays) scarcely % in. long. — Common in 

 the Yosemite and other meadows. 



S. californica var. nevadensis Gray, if found, may be known 

 by its very harsh, obtuse leaves. It grows in dry soil north 

 and east of us. 



5. HAPLOPAPPUS. 



Herbs and low shrubs. Heads hemispheric, in terminal clus- 

 ters or solitary, the involucre in ours scarcely imbricated, the 

 outer bracts leaf-like. Disk yellow. Pappus of numerous dull- 

 white or reddish bristles. (Aplopappus. Hoorebekia.) 



1. H. apargioides Gray. A pale thick-rooted perennial 

 herb, 1 ft. or less high, the numerous reddish leafy stems bear- 

 ing few terminal heads, loosely woolly or nearly glabrous. 

 Leaves narrow, acute, sharply toothed, 1 to 3 in. long, the 

 lower petioled, upper ones sessile. Heads ^ in. high, with 

 about 20 yellow rays. Akenes glabrous. — In meadows at high 

 altitudes. 



2. H. suffruticosus Gray. A low shrub with glandular but 

 not woolly stems. Leaves glandular, nearly linear, entire, Yz 

 to 1 in. long. Heads over y 2 in. high, with showy yellow rays. 

 Akenes pubescent. {Macronema suffruticosa Nutt.) — Gravelly 

 soil along the Sierran crest. 



3. H. discoideus Gray. A low shrub, the branches white 

 with matted wool. Leaves green and glandular, spatulate, 

 entire, Yz to 1 in. long. Heads fully ^ in. high, without rays. 

 Akenes pubescent. (H. macronema Gray. Macronema discoidea 

 Nutt.) — High ridges in loose soil; summit of Clouds Rest. 

 Often confused with Chrysothamnus bolanderi, but with broader 

 heads. 



6. ERICAMERIA. 

 1. E. cuneata McCl. A low leafy shrub, glabrous but 

 resinous. Leaves thick, alternate, obovate, obtuse, entire, 

 only % to l / 2 in. long. Heads small, mostly in compact clus- 

 ters, without rays. Akenes silky; pappus-bristles copious, 

 brown. — In cracks of rocks, blossoming in autumn. 



