COMPOSITE FAMILY 255 



greenish yellow, woolly only at base. — Common at some 

 places, as near the Hog Ranch. 



18. ADENOCAULON. 

 1. A. bicolor Hook. Perennial, 1 to 3 ft. high, with a few 

 large leaves, above which the glandular naked stems are freely 

 branched. Leaves alternate, triangular, coarsely lobed, 2 to 5 

 in. across, green above, white beneath with matted hairs. 

 Heads very small, dull white, the mature akenes much ex- 

 ceeding the involucre. — Shady, moist places throughout the 

 pine belt. 



19. RUDBECKIA. Coneflower. 

 Tall herbs with alternate leaves. Heads large, sunflower- 

 like, the disk conical and brown or purplish, the rays yellow. 

 Akenes 4-angled or flattish. 



1. R. californica Gray. California Coneflower. Erect and 

 leafy, 2 to 4 ft. high, with a single terminal head on a long 

 smooth peduncle. Leaves entire or toothed, 4 to 12 in. long, 

 1 to 5 in. wide, rough-hairy. Rays yellow; disk becoming ele- 

 vated, conical, and 1 or 2 in. high. Akenes flattish; pappus a 

 4-cleft crown. — Occasional in the Sierra Nevada. Found in 

 the Mariposa Grove and at Crane Flat. 



2. R. hirta L. Black-eyed Susan. Yellow Daisy. An 

 erect leafy plant, \y 2 to 4 ft. high, with usually several heads 

 on very rough peduncles. Leaves nearly entire, 2 to 4 in. 

 long, less than 1 in. wide, rough-hairy, the upper ones oblong 

 or lanceolate. Rays orange-yellow; disk becoming conical 

 but not over ^ i n - high. Akenes angled; pappus none. — 

 Native of the Mississippi Valley but becoming common in the 

 meadows of Yosemite Valley, where introduced; very orna- 

 mental in July and August. 



20. BALSAMORHIZA. Balsam Root. 



Low perennials with thick roots and a tuft of basal leaves. 

 Heads few, on nearly naked peduncles from the base, the 

 bracts nearly equal. Rays yellow. Akenes without pappus, 

 those of the disk 4-sided. 



1. B. sagittata Nutt. Leaves gray, silvery-pubescent, ob- 

 long or narrowly ovate, the base heart-shaped, mostly entire, 

 4 to 9 in. long, 2 to 5 in. broad, long-petioled. Flowering 

 stems 1 or 2 ft. high, bearing a few small and narrow leaves 

 and usually a solitary head. Involucre white-woolly. Rays 

 1 or 2 in. long, yellow. — Common in dry places. 



