SOME ANCIENT BKITISH REMAINS. 103 



vanced line of defence intended to protect the camp on 

 Observatory Hill. Doubtless several of the smaller and 

 rounder pits were used as actual dwellings. 



Near the south-east end of each of these rows of pits is 

 what I believe to be the remains of a Tumulus ; for the 

 amount of soil and stones piled up is far in excess of what 

 could have been removed from the depression in the 

 middle of each. Much of it must have been carried there to 

 increase the size of the mounds. 



There is still left for description what I believe to be 

 the remains of two Pounds or Village Enclosures. One is 

 opposite the entrance to the Zoological Gardens ; and a section 

 of its enclosing bank of stones is plainly seen opposite the 

 end of College Road. This bank extends N.W. for about 30 

 yards, and then bends round to the N.E. for about 120 yards 

 further ; then there is a sharp turn to the S.S.E., and the 

 bank reaches the road again in 75 yards. The southern 

 portion of this enclosure has been destroyed in making the 

 road along the edge of the down. Within the area are no 

 distinct traces of hut-circles or pit-dwellings ; and I there- 

 fore conclude it was intended merely for the protection of 

 cattle at night and on certain other occasions. It is on a 

 slope facing S.S.E. ; and to the north and west of it the 

 ground rises considerably, thus giving shelter from the 

 violence of westerly gales. 



South of the large Pembroke Road quarry are remnants 

 in three places of what was probably another Village 

 Enclosure or Pound. Within its area, and abutting upon 

 the quarr}^, is an irregular space surrounded by a hedge ; 

 and within this again a circular space, about 13 yards 

 across, bounded by a modern wall several feet high. 

 Inquiries have led to the conclusion that both the hedge 

 and the wall are about twenty years old. I suspect that 



