88 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



PycnonoUis barbatus barbatus (Desfontaines). 



Dull brown above, darker on head and throat ; beneath dull 

 white, under tail coverts white, often (especially in ^) tinged 

 yellow. Bill, legs and feet black. Wing ^ 104-107, ? 93-96. 

 Tarsus 23-24. Culmen 21-23 (H.). 



Resident.— Morocco, Algeria, and Tunis, north of Atlas 

 Mountains. Of very doubtful occurrence in S. Spain. 



P. barbatus arsinoe (Lichtenstein). Head darker and upper 

 parts paler ; behind ear coverts a small white spot ; under tail 

 coverts white. Smaller. Wing 87-95 (H.)- 



Resident. — Middle and Upper Egypt; of sporadic oc- 

 currence near Cairo (Nicoll). 



MUSCICAPID^. 



Includes Flycatchers, Warblers, Thrushes, Chats, and 

 Robins. Wing of 10 primaries, ist small; bill variable, 

 rictal bristles generally present. 



MUSCICAPA. 



Bill wide at base ; rictal bristles conspicuous ; legs short 

 and feet weak; nest open on wall or tree trunk, or in a 

 hole ; eggs pale bluish green unspotted or clouded or blotched 

 with reddish brown. 



Muscicapa grisola grisola L. Spotted Flycatcher. 



F7: Gobe-mouche gris ; Gei'. Fliegenschnapper ; Ital. Piglia- 

 mosche ; Swed. Gra Flugsnappare. 



(^ $ adult. Above pale brown, crown dark streaked with 

 white margins on forehead ; beneath white, with dark brown 

 streaks on breast and flanks ; axillaries pinkish buff. Bill horn 

 black, pale at base below. Legs and feet black. Wing 82-91. 

 Tarsus 14-16. Bill 9-10. Young: spotted both above and 

 below. 



Breeds. — All Europe and British Isles, north to Finmark and 

 Archangel, east to Urals, where it interbreeds with " neumanni " ; 

 south to Mediterranean and N. Africa, Tunis to Morocco (in 

 Morocco south to 31°), Crete, Asia Minor. Migrates ; occurs 

 Egypt on passage, winters in tropical and S. Africa. 



