80 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



Tail 48-52, Bill 7-8. Young : brown (lacking chestnut and 

 black), more cinnamon on back and wing coverts. 



ResfdefiL—S\)di\n (S. and E.), Pyrenees, Rhone Valley, 

 Provence, Italy, Sicily, Lower Austria, Hungary, Silesia 

 (occasional), Poland, Balkan Peninsula to S. Russia and Asia 

 Minor. 



A. pendulinus caspius (Poelzam). Crown and mantle chestnut, 

 hind neck creamy, white margins of quills broader. 



Resident. — Shores of Caspian Sea, deltas of Ural and Volga 

 Rivers north to Orenburg. 



Rbgulus. 



Small size ; bill thin and slender ; nostrils with an 

 operculum and partly covered by a single feather (one 

 exception only, viz. " R. calendula"); frequent trees searching 

 for insects; cup nest suspended under branch of conifer; 

 eggs ochreous white with very fine brown dots. 



Regulus regulus regulus (L.). Goldcrest. Fr. 

 Roitelet ; Ger. Gelbkopfiges ; Ital Regolo ; Swcd. Kungsfogel. 



$ Frontal feathers greyish buff, crown yellow, orange in 

 centre, with black lateral stripes ; upper parts yellowish green, 

 hind neck and mantle paler, more grey ; beneath greyish white 

 tinged yellow. Bill black. Legs and feet brown. Wing (J 52-56, 

 9 51-54. Tarsus 16-18. Bill 7-8. $ Crown yellow without 

 orange. Young lack yellow on crown and black stripes. 



Breeds. — Continental Europe generally, north to limit of 

 firs, east to Urals, south to Pyrenees on west and in east to 

 Mediterranean, Asia Minor, and Caucasus. Migratory in north ; 

 rare Spain, Portugal, and Malta ; occasional Egypt ; occurrence 

 N.W. Africa doubtful. 



R. regulus anglorum Hartert. Darker on back, more olive ; 

 slightly darker beneath ; green on hind neck instead of grey. 

 Wing $ 51-55, 9 49-53- 



Resident. — British Isles. 



R. regulus azoricus Seebohm. Bill about 2 m.m. longer ; 

 above darker, more olive coloured. 

 Resideftt. — Azores. 



