70 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



yellow, throat l)lack and continuous with a broad black band 

 down middle of breast and abdomen. Bill black. Legs and 

 feet leaden blue. Wing (^ 73-79, ? 70-76, Tarsus 18-20, Bill 

 9-10. ? like ^ but duller, especially black of throat. Young 

 have all white parts yellowish. 



Breeds. — Continental Europe north to 67° in Norway, south 

 to Mediterranean, Sicily, Balearic Islands, and in Siberia to 

 60" E. In winter occurs in Corsica, Sardinia, Corfu, rarely Malta, 

 occasional British Isles, but is largely resident. 



"P. m. sulphureus" (S. Dalmatia) and "P. m. mallorcas" 

 (Majorca) do not appear separable. 



P. major newtoni Prazak. Bill more massive and conical, 

 about I m.m. longer. Wing $ 74-78, 9 70-75- 

 Reside?it. — British Islands. 



P. major excelsus Buvry. Bill intermediate between " major " 

 and "newtoni.'^ White on inner web of outer tail feathers much 

 reduced, sometimes to a small spot, and generally absent on 

 second pair. 



Reside7it. — N. Tunisia, N. Algeria, Morocco, extreme S. 

 Spain. 



P. major corsus Kleinschmidt. Yellow paler, duller, white 

 on outer tail feathers also much reduced. Wing shorter, ^ 71-73. 

 Bill as in typical form. 



Resideiit. — Corsica, Sardinia. 



P. major peloponnesus Parrot. Green on back duller than in 

 typical form ; yellow below paler. 



Residejit. — Greece, Crete, Greek Islands. 



Parus caeruleus caeruleus L. Blue Tit. Fr. Mesange 

 bleue ; Ger. Blaumeise ; Ital. Cinciarella ; Swed. Blames. 



$ $ Above yellowish green with a grey tinge, crown, wing 

 coverts, outer margins of quills and tail feathers azure blue ; 

 forehead, cheeks and a line encircling the occiput white ; a 

 dark blue collar ; throat black ; greater wing coverts and inner 

 secondaries with crescentic white tips ; beneath yellow, with 

 white in middle of abdomen and a black line down centre of 

 breast. Bill black. Legs and feet plumbeous. Wing 64-69. 

 Tarsus 17-18. Bill 6-5-7. 



