22 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



Wing 86-88. Tarsus i8. Bill 9-10 (H.). In summer rosy colour 

 becomes brighter. 9 niuch less rosy beneath. Young : above 

 rosy sandy brown, below brighter, middle of abdomen white. 



Resident. — Tripoli to upper Egypt. Occurs at times in Malta ; 

 rarer in S. Europe. 



E. githaginea zedlitzii Neumayer. Larger than typical form. 

 Wing $ 86-92. More sandy and rosy above ; but less rosy than 

 "amantum," and not mixed with brown. 



Resident. — Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, south of Atlas. 



E. githaginea amantum Hartert. Smaller than typical form : 

 bill larger ; darker above with deeper tinge of rose at all seasons, 

 much mixed with brown feathers. Wing ^ 83-87 (H.). 



Resident. — Canary Islands (Fuerteventura, Lanzarote, Graciosa, 

 Allegranza, Gran Canaria, Tenerife). 



Rhodopechys. 

 Bill very strong ; tail comparatively short, slightly forked ; 

 inhabits stony, rocky hills; nest in bush or tree; eggs faint 

 greenish white, grey spotted. 



Rhodopechys sanguinea aliena Whitaker. 



^ Above sandy brown, spotted black on back ; centre of 

 cro%vn and nape black, hind neck ashy, rump brown, quills 

 slightly margined carmine ; beneath, throat whitish, tinged rosy, 

 flanks brown, abdomen white, slightly rosy tinged, pectoral band 

 grey. Wing 101.5 (Whitaker). Bill brownish yellow with black 

 tip. Legs and feet black. ? Forehead and crown brighter 

 brown, throat with no rosy tinge. 



Residents. E. Morocco (Atlas Mountains). 



The typical race " R. s. sanguinea " is W. Asiatic. 



Pyrrhula. 



Bill short, strong, convex ; frequent woods, orchards, 

 gardens; nest, cup in trees; eggs greenish blue spotted and 

 blotched with purplish grey and dark brown. 



Pyrrhula pyrrhula pyrrhula (L.). Bullfinch. Fr. 

 Bouvreuil ; Ger. Gimpel ; Jtal. Cuiffolotto ; Swed. Domherre. . 



