11 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



throat black ; underparts vinous brown, middle of abdomen and 

 under tail coverts white. Bill bluish. Legs and feet flesh colour. 

 Iris whitish. Wing (^ 100-106, 9 97-106. Tarsus 19-22. Bill 

 15-1S. In winter, colour duller and bill dull flesh colour. $ 

 duller coloured ; crown, rump, and under parts more greyish 

 brown. Young ; head brownish yellow ; throat yellow ; back 

 lighter brown with faint spots ; below dull white with blackish 

 brown spots. 



Breeds. — From S. Scandinavia and Petrograd in Russia, south 

 over Europe, more abundant in south ; England and S. Scotland. 

 Chiefly resident. Rare visitor Ireland ; occasional in Sicily, 

 Malta, and Egypt. 



C. coccothraustes bavryi Cabanis. Paler, greyer, (best seen 

 in female) ; bill less massive ; white on wings and tail less 

 extensive. 



Resident — N.W. Africa (Tunis to Morocco), S. Spain. 



C. coccothraustes tatjanae Kudascheflf. o i^i summer light 

 rosy below ; forehead lighter and back darker than in typical 

 form. 



Resident. — Crimea. 



Chloris. 



Plumage greenish ; tail long and forked ; bill short and 

 thick; nest open, in trees or bushes; eggs dull bluish or 

 greenish white with reddish shell markings and deep red 

 brown spots and streaks. 



Chloris Gliloris chloris (L.). Greenfinxh. fr. Verdier ; 

 Gcr. Grunling ; /A?/. \'erdone ; Sivcd. Gronfink. 



^ adult. Above yellowish green, washed with brownish 

 grey, brighter and yellower on forehead, face, and underparts, 

 especially middle of abdomen ; primaries outer web yellow, 

 secondaries and greater wing coverts margined and tipped slate 

 grey ; tail feathers, except central pair, yellow at base and 

 margined grey. Bill dark brown above, paler below. Legs and 

 feet pale pinkish straw. Wing o S5-89, $ 82-S8. Tarsus 17-20, 

 Bill IQ-12. $ browner, except on rump, and faintly streaked j 

 much less yellow on wings and tail. Young : above brown ^ 

 beneath greenish yellow with dark brown streaks. 



