' ' GUIDE TO THE 



BIRDS OF EUROPE AND 

 NORTH AFRICA 



BY 



Colonel R. G. WARDLAW RAMSAY 



President of the British Ornithologists' Union^ igi^-igiH 

 Fellow of the Zoological Society 



WITH A BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR BY 



WILLIA?^! EAGLE CLARKE, LL.D. 



GURNEY AND JACKSON 



LONDON: z?> PATERNOSTER ROW 



EDINBURGH: TWEEDDALE COURT 



1923 



