PASSERES— FRIXCULLin.K 39 



brownish llcsh. Wini^- 75-80. Tarsus 1S-19. liill lo-ii (W.) 

 9 duller t;encrally, head j^rcy hrown streaked, throat dull 

 red brown. 



AV-f/V/t'///.— N.W. Africa ; Tunis and AlL;cria, south of Atlas, 

 Morocco, south and central parts. 



The typical form " E. s. striolata" is W. Asiatic and is li<,^hter 

 in colour. 



Emberiza schoeniclus schoeniclus(L.). Reed Bunting. 

 Fr. liruant dc Roseaux ; Gcr. Rohranimer ; 7/aL Migliarino 

 de palude ; Swed. Siifsparf. 



^ summer. Above black with rufous margins, outer margins 

 of wing coverts and secondaries chestnut ; rump and upper tail 

 coverts grey with few streaks ; head and throat black, malar 

 stripe joining nuchal collar white ; beneath white, flanks slightly 

 streaked brownish black. Rill dark brown. Legs and feet dull 

 brown. Wing 74-83. Tarsus 19-20. Bill 7-8 long, 5-5-5 high, 

 4-5-5 broad. In winter, black of head and throat and white collar 

 partially obscured by red or grey-brown tips, back and wings 

 more chestnut. 9 lacks black on head and throat and the 

 white collar ; crow^n chestnut, dark streaked ; upper tail coverts 

 rufous, streaked ; ear coverts and malar stripe dark brown, 

 former mixed with chestnut ; eyebrow, face stripe, and throat 

 creamy white and often some rufous feathers on chest. Wing 

 70-77. Bases of head feathers are black in all stages. 



Breeds. — Britain ; Continental Europe north to Finmark, and 

 68° in N. Russia south to N. Spain, Italy and N.W. of Hungary ; 

 also in Siberia. Migratory ; occurs in winter over S. and S.E. 

 Europe to Black Sea and N. Africa, Morocco to Egypt (in small 

 numbers). 



E. schoeniclus canneti (Brehm). Bill thicker and larger ; upper 

 and lower mandibles about equal in height, upper more curved 

 than in "sch(x:niclus." Bill about 9 m.m. long ; height 5-5-6-5. 



I]?'ecds.—^.Y.. Europe ; Hungary and Dalmatia through Balkan 

 Peninsula to Greece ; also Spain and Portugal. Occurs Egypt 

 in winter. 



Emberiza tschusii tschusii Reiser and Almasy. 

 Like "schfcnirlus" but paler; margins of wings and back 

 pale cinnamon ; rump and upper tail coverts paler gr^y. Bill; 



