PASSEKKS-FRINOirLinK 37 



cinnamon, no grey on chest. Measurements as in "liortulana," 

 but wing usually about 2 m.m. shorter. ? throat l)r()\vn. 



An Asiatic species which has occurred in S.E. Russia ; Crimea, 

 Orenburg, Caucasus. 



Emberiza caesia Cretzschmar. 



(^ Hack and scapulars reddish brown with dark streaks ; 

 crown, face, hind neck, and chest blue grey ; lores, eye-rim, and 

 throat cinnamon-buff; abdomen reddish cinnamon. Bill brown 

 above, paler below. Legs and feet yellowish brown. Wing 83-86. 

 Tarsus 20. Bill 19-20 (H.). $ duller, crown browner, throat and 

 chest dull buff streaked with dark brown. Young : reddish brown 

 streaked, with traces of cinnamon on underparts. 



Breeds.— S.K. Europe ; Crete, Greece to Dalmatia, and through 

 Asia Minor to Caucasus. Occurrence in Europe west of Dalmatia 

 exceptional. Migrates to N.E. Africa and S. Arabia. 



Emberiza cia cia L. Meadow or Rock Bunting. Fr. 

 Pjruant-fou ; Ger. Zipammer ; I^al. Zigolo muciatto. 



(^ Above reddish brown with dark streaks, lesser wing 

 coverts grey, middle with white tips, rump and upper tail coverts 

 chestnut ; crown (with dark shaft streaks), face, ear coverts, sides 

 of neck, throat, and chest blue -grey ; lores, lateral crown stripe, 

 post-ocular stripe surrounding ear, and a malar stripe black ; 

 breast and abdomen pale cinnamon. Bill dull plumbeous. Legs 

 and feet yellowish brown. Wing ^ 76-85, $ 74-84. Tarsus 

 19-21. Bill 8-10. $ paler, duller, browner on crown, throat 

 and chest with dusky tips. Young much as 9 5 lesser wing 

 coverts browner with grey tips. 



Breeds. — S. Europe, north to Switzerland, S.W. Germany, 

 i.ower Austria and Transylvania ; also Asia Minor. Northern 

 birds migrate. Rare visitor Britain, Holland, Belgium. 



E. cia africana Le Roi. Paler on throat and abdomen, and 

 grey on throat barely reaches to chest. 



Resident. — N.W. Africa, Morocco to Tunis. 



E. cia par Ilartert. Above paler, less red; tips of middle 

 wing coverts reddish buff. Wing somewhat longer, 84-91. 

 An Asiatic race whose range reaches the Caucasus. 



