216 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



Anser fabalis fabalis (Latham). Bean Goose. Fr. 

 Oic vulgairc ; Gcr. Saatgans ; Ital. Oca granaiola ; Swcd. 

 Sadgas. 



^ $ Resemble "A. anser" but darker and margins paler, 

 no grey on wing coverts or rump, and no black markings on 

 underparts. Bill black and orange yellow, but very variable, 

 usually upper mandible black at base, with a yellow band below 

 and in front between base and nail, lower mandible yellow, 

 with black along rami and at tip. Nail usually black, but 

 sometimes white or half white, half black. Legs and feet amber 

 to orange yellow, claws black. Iris brown. Wing $ 447-473, 

 9 424-452. Tarsus 71-82 (W.). Bill 50-63. 



Breeds. — N. Europe from 63" in Norway, Finland, N. Sweden, 

 and N. Russia ; Kolguev, Nova Zembla, and in Siberia east 

 to Taimyr Peninsula. Migratory ; many winter in Sweden, and 

 occur also through Europe from British Isles to Mediterranean 

 and Black Seas ; N.W. Africa and Caucasus ; found in Baltic 

 Provinces and Poland only on passage. Occasional Iceland and 

 Greenland ; rare visitor Madeira. 



Anser brachyrhynchus Baillon. Pink-footed Goose. 

 Ger. Rotfussgans ; Swed. Spetsbergen Sadgas. 



$ ? Smaller than "A. fabalis," wing coverts, especially 

 greater coverts, grey, and greyer on underparts. Bill shorter, 

 black at base and on nail, remainder rosy pink, this colour 

 extending back under nostrils to gape. Legs and feet pink. 

 Iris dark brown. Wing 400-460. Tarsus jo-yy. Bill 44-49. 



Breeds. — Spitzbergen, generally on ledges of cliffs, and prob- 

 ably in Franz Joseph Land. Migrates ; occurs on passage 

 Bear Island, Nova Zembla, Iceland, W. Norway, Denmark, and 

 in winter British Isles (very rare Ireland), Holland, France, 

 Sweden, Faroes, Hungary (rare), Italy (very rare). 



Anser hyperboreus hyperboreus Pallas. Snow 

 Goose. 



$ $ Snowy white, primaries black, outer primaries grey 

 towards base ; primary coverts grey with black shafts. Bill red, 

 paler below and with black stripes along cutting edge, nail 

 yellowish white. Legs and feet lilac to orange red, claws black. 

 Iris dark brown. Wing 385-440. Tarsus 75-82. Bill 50-60. 



