128 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



brown, /crown and upper tail coverts reddish buff, tail as in ^ 

 but terminals paler ; beneath white, often reddish, especially on 

 breast. Wing ^ 90-99, $ 85-94 (H.). Tarsus 27-30. Bill 15, 



Resident. — S. Algeria, S. Tunis, S. Tripoli to N.W. Egypt, 

 Sahara and N. Arabia. 



CBnanthe lugens lugens (Lichten stein). 



(^ Crown and nape white or greyish ; rump, upper tail 

 coverts, underparts and inner webs of quills white ; lores, face, 

 throat, back, scapulars, under wing coverts, and axillaries black ; 

 under tail coverts reddish buff; tail white, central pair feathers 

 black terminal half, others black at tip for about 10 m.m. Bill, 

 legs and feet black. Wing ^ 91-96-5, ? 89-91. Tarsus 26. 

 Culmen 18-5-20 (H.). 9 like $, but black less intense. 



Resident. — Deserts of Egypt and Nubia to N. Arabia and 

 Palestine. 



CE. lugens halophila (Tristram). ^ as in "lugens" but 

 under tail coverts very pale buff almost white, and inner webs 

 of quills white only on edges. $ differs from typical ? ; above 

 light grey brown in place of black, throat generally grey (some- 

 times white or black). 



Resident. — Algeria and Tunisia, south of Atlas to about 23° N., 

 Tripoli, Cyrenaica. Once occurred Egypt. 



CEnanthe leucura leucura (Gmelin). Black Wheatear. 



(^ Black, slightly tinged brown, rump and upper tail coverts 

 white ; tail white, central pair of feathers distal half (30 m.m.) 

 black, lemainder tipped black (8-14 m.m.). Bill, legs and feet 

 black. ? Brown in place of black. Wing $ 97-101, ? 90-95- 

 Tarsus 25-28. Bill 13-16. 



Breeds. — S. France, and Italy to Genoa ; Spain and Portugal. 

 Partial migrant. Has occurred Britain and Switzerland. 



CB. leucura syenitica (Heuglin). $ Dark brown-black, ends 

 of tail feathers broader (12-15 ni.m.), central pair 40 m.m. ? 

 much browner than $ " leucura.'' 



Resident. — Tripoli, Tunisia (south of Atlas), S. Algeria, Moun- 

 tains of Morocco. Occurred once in Egypt, once Britain. 



OS. leucura riggenbachi (Hartert). Black terminals to tail 

 feathers still broader (15-20 m.m.), central pair (43 m.m.). 



Breeds. ~W . Sahara, Rio de Oro. 



