PASSERES MUSCICAPID.^ 133 



p. phoenicurus mesoleuca (Ilcmprich and Ehrcnl)crg). 

 (^ Outer webs of sorondarics and margins of primaries white, 

 formint,'^ large speculum (in some birds almost wanting). In 

 summer, sometimes upper back tinged black. Wing 77-<S3 (H). 

 9 as in 9 "phoenicurus," sometimes a trace of speculum in 

 wings and in old birds greyer above and below. 



^rtYv/.f.— Crimea, Caucasus to Persia and Palestine. Occurs 

 Egypt on passage. Winters N.E. Africa, S. Arabia. Accidental 

 in pjalkans. 



Phoenicurus ochrurus ochrurus (Gmelin). 



^ Crown and rump grey ; back, scapulars, face, throat, 

 breast, and upper abdomen black ; lower abdomen, tail 

 coverts, and tail reddish chestnut ; under wing coverts black 

 and white ; axillaries grey mixed with chestnut, sometimes 

 almost pure chestnut ; outer margins of secondaries edged 

 white ; second primary about ec{ual to 7th, 3rd to 6th emarg- 

 inate. P^ill, legs and feet black. Wing 82-87 (H.). 9 Brown, 

 paler below and almost white in centre of abdomen ; tail as 

 in c?. 



Breeds. — Caucasus to N.W. Persia. Winters in Palestine. 



P. ochrurus gibraltariensis (Gmelin). Black Redstart. 

 Fr. Rouge queue noir ; Ger. Hausrotschwanz ; IfaL Codirosso 

 spazzacamino ; Swed. Svart-Rodstjert. 



^ Differs from "ochrurus" ^ in having back dark slate 

 grey, axillaries grey with white edges and lower abdomen grey. 

 9 as 9 "ochrurus" but greyer brown. Wing ^ 81-88, 9 80-84. 

 Tarsus 21-5-24. Bill 8-10. 



Breeds. — Europe north to Denmark, east to E. Prussia ; 

 Poland, Rumania, Ukraine, Crimea, lUilgaria, Macedonia, and 

 north Mediterranean countries. Partly migratory ; occurs on 

 passage and in winter Britain (in small numbers), Mediterranean 

 countries, Egypt. 



P. ochrurus semirufus (Hemprich and Ehrenberg). ^ as 

 $ "ochrurus" but all abdomen chestnut and axillaries pure 

 chestnut. 



Reside?2f. — .Syria and Palestine Mountains and Euphrates 

 Valley. Has occurred in Egypt. 



