146 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



and Mediterranean ; also Asia Minor and in N. Africa (Tunisia 

 and Algeria); in Mediterranean Islands chiefly on passage, some 

 breed Sicily and Balearic Islands ; also breeds in N. America. 

 Winters S. Arabia, E. and S. Africa, and S. America. 



R. riparia littoralis (Heuglin). Above slightly paler than 

 "riparia"; pectoral band narrower and paler. Smaller. Wing 

 90-97 (H.). 



Breeds. — Egypt and Nubia. Some winter there. 



R. riparia diluta (Sharpe and Wyatt). Upper parts and 

 pectoral band paler. Wing ^ ^ 97-106-5 (Ticehurst). 



Breeds. — Afghanistan to N. Siberia. Occurs Egypt on 

 passage, and in winter in S.W. India. 



Riparia paludicola mauritanica (Meade-Waldo). 



cJ $ Somewhat resemble " R. r. riparia" but throat as 

 well as pectoral band pale brown. Bill and feet dark slate. 

 Wing $ 103-109, 9 101-108. Tarsus 10. Culmen 8-9 (H.). 



Resident. — W. Morocco (Wadi Moor-bey). 



The typical race " R. p. paludicola" is S. African. 



Riparia rupestris (Scopoli). Crag Martin. Fr. 

 Hirondelle de rochers ; Ger. Felsenschwalbe ; Ital. Rondine 

 montana. 



$ $ Above light brown ; beneath paler with reddish buff 

 tinge, and on upper throat fine brown spots ; tail feathers (except 

 outer pair) with an oval white patch on inner web. Bill black. 

 Legs and feet pale pinkish flesh. Wing (^ ? 124-136 (H.). 

 Tarsus 11-12. Bill 5-6. 



Breeds. — S. Europe ; Mediterranean Coasts and Islands, 

 Montenegro, Albania, S. Russia, Caucasus ; and Asia east to 

 China. Resident except in north of breeding range ; occurs 

 on passage in Egypt and Algeria, and in winter India and 

 N.E. Africa. 



Riparia obsoleta obsoleta (Cabanis). 

 Paler than " rupestris " and smaller ; upper throat uniform, 

 unspotted. Wing 1 15-122 (H.). 



Breeds. — Egypt and Nubia, east to W. India. Resident. 



