222 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



Wing ^ 180-196, ? 175-192. Tarsus 28-31. Bill ^ 38-44, ? 

 38-40 (W.). 



An American species ; has occurred a few times in W. 

 Europe, twice or thrice in British Isles. 



Anas strepera L. Gadwall. Fr. Chipeau bruyant ; 

 Gcr. Schnatterente ; Jtal. Canapiglia ; Siucd. Snatterand. 



(^ Above brown, vermiculated white ; crown and nape 

 reddish ; median wing coverts chestnut, greater wing coverts 

 black ; speculum white ; breast blackish with white scale-like 

 bars ; abdomen white. ? Brown with buff margins, wing as 

 in (^ but chestnut on wing coverts less in extent. Bill ^ leaden 

 grey, $ dusky, dull orange on sides. Legs and feet dull orange. 

 Wing $ 255-280, 9 245-270. Tarsus 36-41. Bill 36-47. 



Breeds. — Iceland (not common). Great Britain, S. Sweden 

 and Russia from about 57° N., through Denmark, Holland, France 

 (rare), Germany, Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria to Black 

 Sea ; also in Asia and N. America. Partly migratory. Resident 

 in Britain. Occurs in winter in Mediterranean Basin, and N. 

 Africa, India and China, and in America south to Mexico and 

 Florida. 



Anas penelope L. Wigeon. F?: Canard siffleur ; Ger. 

 Pfeifente ; /A?/. Fischione ; Swed. Blasand. 



^ Above grey and white, vermiculated ; head (with few 

 green feathers behind eye) and neck chestnut ; forecrown 

 yellowish buff ; wing coverts and underparts white ; axillaries 

 grey ; speculum green between dark purple bars ; chest vinous. 

 ? variable ; brown with reddish margins, head and neck spotted, 

 wing coverts edged white ; speculum blackish grey, sometimes 

 almost as bright green as in $. Bill greyish blue with black 

 tip in (^, duller in 5. Legs and feet greenish grey. Wing 

 $ 253-290, ? 235-260. Tarsus ^ 37-41, ? 36-39. Bill 32-36. 



Breeds. — N. Europe and Asia ; in Europe from Norway to 

 Finmark, in Russia south to about 53'^ and in Urals to Orenburg, 

 Iceland, Scotland, and south of Baltic in E. Prussia and 

 Mecklenburg. Migratory ; abundant Britain in winter, and 

 through C. and S. Europe to Mediterranean, N.W. Africa 

 and Egypt, Azores and Madeira ; also C. and S. Asia. 



