228 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



Bucephala albeola (L.). Buffel-headed Duck. 



^ Above l)lack, glossed green and purple on head ; a large 

 white patch beginning below eye runs round occiput to form 

 a half ring ; lower neck, greater and middle wing coverts, 

 outer scapulars, speculum, and underparts white ; tail grey ; 

 feathers of hind crown more elongated than in "islandica" 

 and feathers on sides of head also lengthened. Bill dark lead 

 colour. Legs and feet yellowish pink. $ Above dark brown ; 

 white patch beginning below eye extends to behind ear-coverts; 

 band on wing white; beneath white tinged ashy grey on flanks. 

 Bill dusky. Legs and feet pinkish. Winged 163-180, ? 150-163. 

 Tarsus 30-33. Bill S 25-29, ? 23-26 (W.). 



A North American species, which has occurred three times 

 in Britain. 



Clangula. 



Bill shorter than head and shorter than tarsus ; nail 

 occupies whole tip of bill; tail feathers pointed, 14 in 

 number and in (^ much elongated. 



Clangula hyemalis (L.). Long-tailed Duck. Fr. 

 Canard de miclon ; Ger. Eisente ; //«/. Moretta codona ; Siued. 

 Alfogel. 



^ summer. Crown and upper parts rich brown, lores grey, 

 above and behind eye a white stripe ; scapulars with chestnut 

 margins ; breast brown, abdomen white ; central tail feathers 

 dark brown, next white and brown, lateral feathers white. In 

 winter, head, neck, lower breast and abdomen white, neck 

 patches, upper parts and upper breast deep brown, lores and 

 sides of head brownish grey, scapulars pale grey. Bill basal 

 half and nail black, remainder rosy orange. Legs and feet 

 bluish grey. Iris carmine. ? summer. Upper parts brown ; a 

 line behind the eye, centre of throat and foreneck pale brown ; 

 underparts white. In winter ; above brown with chestnut 

 margins ; crown, neck patches and chin brown ; face, line 

 behind eye, collar and underparts white, chest band pale 

 reddish brown. Bill greyish black. Legs and feet greenish 

 grey. Speculum brown in all plumages. Wing ^ 220-233, 

 5 198-215. Tarsus 33-36. Bill <^ 25-29, ? 25-28. 



