STRIGES— STIUGID/K 173 



central tail feathers almost obsolete or reduced to a few spots ; 

 some ^ specimens have crown streaked rather than spotted. 



Resident. — Balkan Peninsula ; Greek Islands ; S. Russia to 

 Poltava, Orenburg and Volga Delta. 



C. noctua vidalii (A. PL. Prehm). Smaller and darker than 

 "noctua," spots more copious, whiter and more defined; head 

 streaked rather than spotted. 



Resident. — S. Spain (possibly all Iberian Peninsula). 



C. noctua glaux (Savigny). Prown of upper parts and streaks 

 beneath paler than in '' noctua," more reddish to chocolate brown. 



Resident. — Egypt and N.W. Africa (Morocco to Tunis, north 

 of Atlas). 



C. noctua saharae (Kleinschmidt). A still paler desert form, 

 brown tending to cinnamon colour. 



Resident — S. Tunis and S. Algeria south of Atlas ; Solium 

 (W. Egypt). 



C. noctua caucasica Sarudny and Loudoun. Intermediate be- 

 tween ''C. n. glaux" and "bactriana " of S.W. Asia ; paler than 

 "glaux" and toes are feathered in winter. Wing 161-166 (H.). 



Resident. — \V. and S. Caspian districts, Caucasus. 



Glaucidium. 



Small; wing less than 110 ni.m. ; ist primary very short; 

 no ear tufts ; not strictly nocturnal ; feed on lemmings, mice, 

 small birds, and insects. 



Glaucidium passerinum passerinum (L. . Pigmy 

 Owl. Fr. Chcvcchette ; Ger. Sperlingskauz ; Ital. Civetta 

 minora ; Swed. Sparfuggla. 



$ ? Above brown, with small dull buff spots ; tail barred 

 white ; beneath white with brown striations. Pill yellow. Tarsi 

 and toes feathered, claws dark Ijrown. Iris yellow. Wing 

 9S-107. Tarsus 16-18. Culmcn 15-16 (H.). 



Resident. — Continental Euroi)e from 65'' in Norway, 68° in 

 Finland and N. Russia south to Mountains of Germany, E, France, 

 Switzerland, N. Italy and Carpathians, and in Russia to Kaluga 

 and Kazan Govts. ; also in Caucasus and W. Siberia. Rare 

 Denmark, Pelgium and France to Pyrenees. 



