LART r.AHTD.E 299 



Lcffs and foot pale flosli. In winter, crown and liind ncrk are 

 streaked pale brown. Wini; 395-445. Tarsus 5.S-66. I'.ill 41-55. 

 Vouno' : lii^lit lirown mottled white, primaries uniform brown, tail 

 white barred brown, bill black, legs slaty grey, often not 

 distinguishable from young of " L. fuscus " ; maturity is attained 

 in fourth year. 



/>rert/s. — Faroes, llritish Isles, N. Europe from White Sea, 

 N. Finmark and N. Norway south to lialtic and North Sea Coasts 

 and West Coast of France ; also Greenland and Arctic N. America ; 

 (not in Iceland). To a great extent resident, some wander in 

 winter to Mediterranean, Caspian and lUack Seas, and in 

 America south to Gulf of Mexico. 



L. argentatus cachinnans Pallas. Like typical "argentatus" 

 but differs in mantle being slightly darker, eye-rim orange red, 

 legs and feet flesh coloured in young, bright yellow in adult, 

 bill brighter, and in winter head and hind neck being white 

 unstreaked (rarely faintly streaked). 



Jlreeds. — Azores, Canaries, Madeira, Atlantic Coasts of 

 Morocco, Spain and Portugal, Mediterranean Coasts from 

 Gibraltar to Dardanelles and Egypt, Danube mouth. Black 

 and Caspian Seas, S. Russia on lower Volga and north to 

 Orenburg, and in C. Asia to Baikal Sea. Mostly resident. 

 Occurs in winter West Coast of Africa south to Cape de Verde 

 and on east side to Arabia, Persia and India. Rare in Iiritain. 



Larus fuscus fuscus L. Lesser PjLack-packed Gull. 

 Gcr. Hcringsmnwe ; It<il. Zafferano ; Swed. Sillmase. 



^ $ summer. Head, hind neck, tips of scapulars and 

 secondaries, upper tail coverts, tail and underparts white ; upper 

 parts dark slate, becoming browner in worn plumage ; primaries 

 black with white tips, on the ist about 15-20 m.m. in extent, 

 on the 2nd interrupted and smaller with a "mirror" inside 

 the tip. In winter, head and neck streaked dark brown. Bill 

 yellow, red at angle of lower mandible. Eye-rim orange red. 

 Iris pale yellow. Legs and feet yellow. Wing 415-450. Tarsus 

 58-66. Bill 47-54 (IL). Young are somewhat darker than young 

 of "argentatus" but often not distinguishable. 



Breeds. — Scandinavia and N. Russia from Murman Coast and 

 White Sea south to Baltic Provinces and Islands in Baltic but 



