'J42 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



PUPPINID^. 



Nostrils united or nearly so above culmen ; ist primary 

 longer or not shorter than 2nd. 



PUPPINUS. 

 Medium size ; tarsus laterally compressed, sharp-edged in 

 front; nostrils in a common tube, ending obliquely in front, 

 so that open nares are visible from above, and partition 

 easily seen; 12 tail feathers. 



Puffinus puffinus puffinus (Brunnich). Manx Shear- 

 water. Gcr. Sturmtaucher ; Siucd. Mindre lira. 



^ 5 Above dark slaty brown ; beneath white ; axlllaries 

 white with generally grey subterminal bar, under tail coverts 

 white with traces of grey. Bill above blackish brown, below 

 bluish horn. Front of tarsus, inner and middle toes pale rose, 

 back of tarsus and outer toe black, web of toes light bluish grey. 

 Wing 228-246. Tarsus 44-45. Bill 32-38. 



Breeds. — Iceland (Westmann Islands), Faroes, British Isles 

 (Shetlands, Orkneys, Hebrides, Coasts Wales and Ireland, Scilly 

 Islands), France, Desertas and Porto Santo (Madeira), Salvages.? 

 Canary Islands? Azores? In winter occurs on Baltic and N. 

 Sea Coasts, also Atlantic Coast N. America. 



P. puffinus yelkouan (Acerbi). Levantine Shearwater. 

 Ital. Berta minore. Browner above, under tail coverts grey 

 brown mixed with white ; axillaries white with brown tips. 



Breeds. — Mediterranean from Sardinia, Malta and Tunisia to 

 Bosphorus, Syrian and Egyptian Coasts. Not yet known to have 

 occurred outside these limits. 



P. puffinus mauretanicus Lowe. Above browner than 

 " yelkouan " ; also browner on flanks, axillaries, vent and under 

 tail coverts ; rest of underparts usually tinged with brown. 



Breeds. — Western Mediterranean (limits not yet known 

 definitely). Occurs casually E. Atlantic and North Sea. 



Birds obtained in Britain, formerly considered "yelkouan," 

 belong to this race. 



