314 BIRDS OF EUROPE AND NORTH AFRICA 



grey with black tip. Legs and feet dark reddish grey. Wing 

 600-650. Tarsus 148-156. Bill 45-53 (H.). After breeding season 

 the " whiskers " drop out and red of chest is lost ; they are resumed 

 about mid-winter. $ Head, neck, and chest grey ; whiskers absent. 

 Wing 530-550. Tarsus 1 17-120 (H.). Young are like $. 



Breeds. — Portugal, S. Spain, N. Morocco, Plains of Germany, 

 Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Greece, Poland, Russia north to 

 Orel ; and also in Siberia. Largely resident. Formerly bred 

 many other countries in Europe where now rare visitor, e.g.^ 

 France, England, Denmark, S. Sweden. 



Otis tetrax tetrax L. Little Bustard. Fr. Cane- 

 petiere ; Ger. Zwergtrappe ; Ital. Gallina prataiola. 



$ summer. Above reddish or sandy brown with irregular 

 wavy bars of black ; outer wing coverts and secondaries white ; 

 quills brown, basal part more or less white ; ear coverts and 

 throat slate, narrow V-shaped collar white, broad V-shaped collar 

 and pectoral band black ; beneath white. Bill greyish with 

 black tip and yellow below at base. Legs and feet greyish 

 yellow. After the breeding season becomes more like $ , losing 

 the black and white collars and pectoral band. Wing 236- 

 252 (H.). $ Upper parts like c?, head and neck like back, 

 breast ochreous with broad brown bars. Wing 245-247 (H.). 

 Young are like $ . 



Breeds. — N.W. Africa (Tunis to Morocco), Spain, Portugal, 

 France, and possibly W. Germany. Rare visitor to Madeira 

 and Canaries. Chiefly resident. 



O. tetrax orientalis Hartert. Darker, less sandy than " tetrax " 

 and with broader black vermiculations above. Wing ^ 250280, 

 $ 250-263. Tarsus 67-70. Bill 24-25 (H.). 



Breeds. — S. Italy, Sicily, Sardinia, Rumania, Greece, Austria, 

 E. Prussia, Poland, and Russia north to Kiev, Poltava, and 

 Orenburg ; also in W. Siberia. Northern birds migrate ; occurs 

 in Egypt and S.W. Asia in winter ; occasional visitor to N. and 

 W. Europe, rare in British Isles. 



EUPODOTIS. 



Bill longer than in "Otis"; head feathers lengthened 

 with suspicion of crest. 



