r; \Tj.i--Tivi'n AONim: 327 



Tetrastes. 



Crown featliers clon;j;ated ; al)Ovc eye l)arc spot ; tarsus 

 feathered on ui)per part; inhal)it wooded country; nest, 

 depression, generally under a hush; eggs pale rufous yellow, 

 sparingly spotted rufous. 



Tetrastes bonasia bonasia (L.). Hazel Hen. Fr. 

 Gelinottc ; Gcr. Haselhuiin ; Ital. Francolino di monle ; Swed. 

 Hjerpe. 



^ Above variable grey or light brown, Ijarrcd on forehead 

 and hind neck, and speckled and marked on rest of upper parts 

 with brown and chestnut, and on some wing coverts, scapulars, 

 and secondaries with black ; beneath, throat black, encircled by 

 white ; a post-ocular spot white ; breast and abdomen brown 

 with broad white centres and margins, sides of breast and flanks 

 chestnut. ? like c^ but chin and throat white. Bill black, 

 browner at tip and base below. Toes reddish grey. Wing 

 (J 165-174, ^ 164-170. Tarsus 35-36. 15dlio-ii. 



Resident. — Norway to 66°, Sweden to 68 , Lapland, Finland, 

 Russia north to Orel, and in the Ural to Orenburg ; and in 

 W. Siberia. Plumage varies considerably ; one variety has 

 been called "T. griseiventris" Menzbier. It is a dingy grey 

 brown form, with cheeks and throat chestnut, chin white, under- 

 parts grey brown, chest distinctly barred brown, breast and 

 abdomen obscurely barred, sometimes a few white spots on 

 breast, otherwise no more white in plumage. It occurs in E. 

 Kussian districts (Perm to Orenburg) and in W. Siberia. 



T. bonasia rupestris (lirehm). Distinguished from typical 

 "bonasia" by having much more reddish brown in plumage, 

 notably on upper parts, and white specks on wings are bufif 

 tinged. Wing S '<J9-'83, ? 171-180 (H.). 



/vV5/V/^/;/.— Central Germany, France (Vosgcs and Jura), Alps, 

 Pyrenees, Carpathians, Balkan Peninsula (Montenegro to 

 liulgaria). 



T. bonasia grassmanni (Zedlitz). Intermediate between 

 "rupestris" and typical "bonasia," greyer on back and rump 

 than " rupestris," darker on scapulars than "bonasia." 



Resident. — Baltic Provinces, Poland, K. Prussia. 



