42 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICTHYOLOGY — IV. 
cent space on each side of the rostrum. (Garman.) L. about 2 feet. 
Atlantic coasts of the United States ; not very common. 
{Eaia cglanieria Bose, MSS; Lacdiifede, Hist. Nat. des Poiss. ii, 103: Raia desmareatia 
Le Sueur, Jouru. Ac. Nat. Sci. iv, 100: Raia chantenay Le Sueur, 1. c. 103; Garman, 1. 
c. 170.) 
tt Angle at tip of snout much produced, blunt ; rows of teeth i]-|. 
52. K. icEvis Mitchill . — Barndoor Skate. 
Angles of the disk more acute than in any of the others; muzzle 
much produced, somewhat shovel-shaped at tip. Siiines of the body 
very few and small. Some present above the eyes and spiracles, on the 
snout, along the anterior border of the pectorals, and on the back ; those 
on the back very small. A median dorsal row of larger hooked spines 
extending along the median line of the posterior portion of the back 
and the tail. Usually two lateral rows on the tail. Female rougher, as 
usual among rays. Color variable, brownish, with paler spots, which 
are usually ringed with darker. The largest of our Atlantic species, 
reaching a length of about four feet. Virginia northward ; not uncom- 
mon. 
(Mitchill, Amer. Monthly Mag. ii, 327, 1817; Storer, Hist. Fi.sh. Mass. 1867,242; 
Garman, 1. c. 180.) 
53. R. graiiiiliitii Gill. 
“ A remarkable species, with the back and ventral surface covered 
with minute sharp granular ossifications, obtained by Capt. Joseph W. 
Collins on Le Have Bank. A species of the same type as R. Iwvis, and 
having 30 to 31 teeth on each side; the back granulated and slate 
colored; the ventrals distinguished by reticulate markings, and the 
claspers slender and scarcely expanded.” {Gill.) 
(Gill MS.; Goode & Beau, Bull. Essex lust, xi, 1879, 28.) 
2 . — Pacific Species. 
.54. R. eooperi Girard . — Big Skate. 
Disk broad, its widest part behind the middle. Snout long, regularlj 
long-acuminate, but not very sharp at tip, the anterior outline of the 
pectoral not much undulated, and little concave. luterorbital sitace 
very broad, almost flat, slightly depressed in the middle. Supraocular 
ridge scarcely elevated. Eyes small, shorter than the sjiiracles. Spines 
on body small and few. Two or three small spines around the eye. One 
or two near the centre of the back. Otherwise none on median line of 
back, in front of base of ventrals, where a series of spines begins, feeble 
