20. RAIIDiE RAIA. 
41 
preceding species, reaching a length of nearly three feet. The egg- 
cases are more than twice as large as those of the smaller species. 
(Mitcliill, Traus. Lit. & Phil. Soc. i, 477, 1815: liaia diaplianes, pt. ; Storer, Fish. 
Mass. 240; Garman, 1. c. 177.) 
** Outline of the disk anterior to the spiracles forming a more or less marked angle 
at the tip of the snout. 
1 Angle at tip of snout short and obtuse; rows of teeth body and tail with 
large bucklers. 
50. R. radiata Donovan. — Starry Bay. 
In addition to the spines on the pectorals, head, back, and tail common 
to the preceding species, this species is marked by the presence of large 
spinous plates or bucklers. These are large strong spines, with broad 
stellate or shield-like bases. They are arranged as follows : One or 
two in front of each eye ; one on each side between the eye and the 
spiracle ; a pair on the shoulder, the smaller in front ; and fourteen or 
more forming a dorsal row, beginning just back of the head and extend- 
ing to the caudal. An irregular row of spines on each side of the tail, 
separated from the membrane by a band of shagreen ; males with two 
or more rows of claw-like spines on the pectorals. Teeth with a long 
sharp point, rising from the middle and hooking backwards in the male, 
bluntish in the female; females larger than the males and more si^inous. 
(Garman). Size medium. L. lito2feet. North Atlantic; found both 
in America and Europe. 
{Raia radiaia Donovcan, Hist. Brit. Fish, v, pi. 114, 1820; Gunther, viii, 460; Gar- 
man, 1. c. 177 : Baia americana DcKay, 260.) 
ft Angle at tip of snout acute, moderately produced ; rows of teeth 
51. R. eg'Iaiitcria Lac^pMe. — Brier Bay. 
Prickles comparatively small and very sharp, most numerous on the 
anterior portion of the pectoral, over the head, on the snout, on the 
middle of the back, and on the tail between the rows of larger ones ; 
enlarged spines present around the eyes and spiracles, on the middle of 
the snout, in a median row along the back, and in two rows along each 
side of the tail ; these spines very sharp, larger and smaller ones alter- 
nating in the rows ; a large spine in the middle of each shoulder ; a 
spine between the caudal fins. Color brown, with bands, bars, lines, 
blotches, and spots of darker in the middle of the pectoral ; a trauslu- 
