372 CONTUIBUTIOXS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
tcrus) viviparous, the other oviparous. Genera about 8, species IGO; 
abounding in all warm seas, some of them entering fresh waters. 
((Scomftercsoc/da? Giiuther, vi, 233-293.) 
“Jaws with sharp, wide-set teeth; both jaws jwolonged, forming a beak; finlets 
none. (Beloninw.) 
a. Gill-rakors none ; no teeth on vomer or palatines Tylosurus, 181. 
** Jaws with very small teeth, or none. 
b. Maxillary anchylosed to premaxillary, 
c. Both jaws more or less prolonged ; dorsal and anal with finlets. (Scombere- 
aocince. ) Scomberksox, 182. 
cc. Lower jaw only jirodneed ;. no finlets. {^ncmirhampMna;.') 
d. Anal fin of the male not modified ; species oviparous. 
llEMiRnAMPiirs, 183. 
bb. Maxillary separate from premaxillary; neither jaw produced; no finlets; 
pectoral fins elongate. {Exocoetince.) 
e. Ventrals anteriorly placed, not reaching to the anal.IlALOCYPSELUS, 184. 
ee. Ventrals posteriorly jilaced, reaching past front of anal. 
f. Chin without barbel Excco-^xrs, 185. 
ff. Chin with one or two barbels or lleshy appendages. Cypselurus, 18G. 
181.— TYLOSURUS Cocco. 
Gar -fishes. 
(Cocco, Lettero in Giornale Sci. Let. Sicilia, xvii, 18: type Tylosurus* cautraini 
Cocco = Esox imperialis Raf.) 
r>ody elongate, very slender, not much compressed. Both jaws pro- 
longed into a beak, the lower jaw somewhat the longer, much the longer 
ill young fishes, the very young resembling Ilcmirhamplius. Both jaws 
armed with a band of small, sharp teeth, besides which is a series of 
longer, wide-set, sharp, conical, unequal teeth. Ko teeth on vomer or 
palatines. Maxillaries ^rown fast to premaxillaries. Scales small, de- 
ciduous. Lateral line running along the side of the belly, becoming 
median on the tail. No finlets. Dorsal fin usually elevated anteriorly. 
Caudal fin short, truncate or forked. Pectorals and ventrals small, the 
latter inserted behind the middle of the body. Gill-rakers obsolete. Air- 
bladder present. Ovary single. Bones usually green. Size compara- 
tively large. Species numerous. Voracious fishes, found in most seas. 
This genus differs from BeIone\ [Belone vulgaris Cuvier) in the absence 
of gill-rakers and vomerine teeth. callous; tail; in allusion 
* We are informed by Dr. Vincignerr.a, of Genoa, that the gill-rakers are obsolete 
in Tylosurus imperialis, as in all the American species formerly referred to Beloue. 
t Cuvier, Rfegue Auim. ii, 1817: type Esox beloue h. = Belone rulyaris Fleming. 
{fif-XovT}, an ancient name of some fish who.se “belly splits to allow the escape of the 
egg.s, the wound afterwards healing,” doubtless Syngnathus ; fieXoZ, a dart.) 
