75. CAEANGID^ TRACHURUS. 
431 
beliiiicl the last. Gill- rakers usually loug. Branchiostegals commonly 
7. Air-bladder jireseut, often bifurcate behind. Pseudobranchim large, 
present in all our genera, sometimes disappearing with age. Oesopha- 
gus unarmed. Pyloric coeca generally numerous. Vertebra? fewer than 
in the Scombridcc, about 25 in number. Coloration generally metallic 
and silvery. Genera 25; species about 180, abounding in warm seas, 
often moving northward in summer, like the Scombridte. Most of the 
species are widely distributed, and nearly all are valued as food. 
(Carangidcc pt. Giintlier ii, 417-485, exclusive of certain genera.) 
Lateral line armed with bony keeled plates, at least posteriorly. (Carangince.) 
a. Armature of lateral line extending its whole length Traciiukus, 219. 
aa. Armature of lateral line on its straight posterior portion only. 
h. Dorsals and anal each with a detached fmlet Decapterus, 220. 
bb. Dorsal and anal Avithout finlets. 
c. Spinous dorsal developed Caranx, 221. 
cc. Spinous dorsal rudimentary or disappearing with age ; scales rudimentary. 
Blepharis, 222. 
^ Lateral line unarmed. 
d. Premaxillaries protfactile. 
e. Anal fin about equal to the soft dorsal, its base longer than the abdomen ; 
tail not keeled. 
♦ /. Thoracic region trenchant; body excessively compressed. 
y. Dorsal outline more convex than the ventral outline ; profile very steep; 
head A^ery short and high; preorbital very deej). (Seleuincf!.) 
Selexe, 223. 
gg. Dorsal outline less convex than A*entral ; profile not steep ; preorbital 
moderate. (CMoroscombrinw.) Ciiloroscoaibrus, 224. 
ff. Thoracic region not trenchant; body moderately compressed. (Tm- 
chgiiotiiia'.) 
7i. Forehead convex .Traciiynotcs, 225. 
ee. Anal fin much shorter than the soft dorsal, its base not longer than the 
abdomen; tail keeled. (SerioUnce.) 
i. Finlets none. 
j. Dorsal spines free, in adult Naucrates, 226. 
Jj. Dorsal spines connected by membrane Seriola, 227. 
fi. A two- rayed fmlet behind dorsal and anal Elagatis, 228. 
dd. Premaxillaries not protractile ; dorsal and anal with finlets; maxillary 
A'ery narrow, without distinct supplemental bone. {Scombroi- 
dinw.) Scoaibroides, 229. 
219.— TRACHURUS Rafiuesque. 
Sanrels. 
(Rafinesqne, Indice d’Ittiologia Siciliana 1810, 20 : tyiie Scomber trachuriis L. = Traclmrm 
saurus Raf. ) 
Body rather elongate, somewhat compressed, not elevated, tapering 
to a slender caudal peduncle, which is as broad as deep. Scales present, 
not very small. Lateral line armed throughout with iilates, those on the 
caudal peduncle larger and spinous; an accessory dorsal branch to the 
lateral line. Snout rather loug. Mouth moderate. Minute teeth mostly 
