430 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
the genus yba/.v.” Species of smaller size than the Tunnies, mostly 
l)elagic. {Baird.) (eu, true; tunny.) 
K. allitcratJls (Raf.) J. &, G. — Little Tunny; Albicore. 
Hlnisli above with wavy, blackish, longitudinal streaks; silvery 
below. Inferior margin of preoperculum half longer than posterior. 
Dorsal spines moderate ; pectorals reaching the vertical from the ninth 
dorsal spine. Head in length ; depth 41. D. XV-I, 12-ViII ; A. I, 
12-Vll. Atlantic Ocean ; occasional on our coast. 
{Scomber aUitcratus Raf. Caratterl di Alcniii Nuovi Geueri, 1810, 4G : Thynnus affinis, 
ihunnino, and breriroAris Giititlier, ii, 333-;>65. ) 
G7t>. E. pciassiys (L.) Lutken. — Oceanic Bonito. 
Back bluish ; on each side of the belly 4 brownish longitudinal bands. 
Length of posterior margin of the preoperculum If in that of the in- 
ferior. Pectoral reaching the vertical from the tenth dorsal spine; dor- 
sal spines rather feeble. Head 3.^; depth 4 (to fork of caudal). D. 
XV-1, 12-f YlII; A. II, 42 + VII. [Giinfher.) Tropical seas; occa- 
sional on our Atlantic coast. 
{Scomber pelamys L. Syst. Nat.: Thynnus jjclamys Giiiither, ii, 365: Thynnus pelamys 
Cuv. et Val. viii, 113.) 
Family LXXV.— CARANGID.E. 
The Pilot-fishes. 
Scombroid fishes, with the body more or less compressed and often ele- 
vated, sometimes naked, or more usually covered with small, thin, cycloid 
scales. Head c.omi^ressed, the occipital keel prominent, usually trench- 
ant. Mouth of varying size, the dentition various, the teeth generally 
small ; premaxillaries usually protractile ; maxillary with or without a 
sui>i)lemental bone ; preopercle usually entire in the adult, in the very 
young armed with three or more spines.* Lateral line complete, anteri- 
orly arched, the posterior jtart straight, sometimes armed with bony 
])lates. Dorsal fins more or less separated, the spinous part rather weak, 
the spines usually depressible in a groove; anal fin long, similar to the 
soft dorsal, always preceded by two stift spines, usually separate, but in 
the young often more or less connected with the fin or with each other; 
these sometimes disappear with old age, and sometimes the spinous dor- 
sal also vanishes; often a procumbent spine before the dorsal fin; ven- 
tral fins thoracic, well developed, I, 5; caudal iieduncle very slender, the 
tin widely forked ; i)ectoral fins narrow. Gill-openings very wide, the 
membranes usually not united, free from the isthmus. Gills 4, a slit 
* For an account of the transform.atious of various members of tins lamily, see Liit- 
ken, S^wlia Atlantica, 1880. 
