114 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
entirely destitute both of papillre and plicre. Jaws without cartilagl- 
iions sheath. jMuciferous system of head well dcA eloped. Isthmus nar- 
row. Pharyngeal bones rather weak, the outer surface of the arch 
standing’ outwards and presenting a porous outer margin. The pedun- 
cle of the symphysis is much longer proportionally and more pointed 
than in Carpiodes and Biibalichthys. The teeth are very numerous, small, 
thin, and compressed as in Carpiodes, but the lower ones are gradually 
larger than the upper ones. Their inuer edge is slanting outwards, 
and not uniformly arched as in Buhalichthys, or truncate as in Cyclc^tns, 
the innermost margin rising somewhat in the shape of a projecting cusp. 
Gill-rakers of anterior arch long and slender above, becoming shorter 
downwards. .Body heavy, robust, not especially arcbed above nor 
greatly compressed, the form somewhat elliptical ; the depth 2i-3.I in 
the length of the body. Scales large, thick, nearly equal over the body, 
their posterior edges someAvhat serrate ; the lateral line well developed, 
but not as distinct as in slightly decurved anteriorly; the 
number of scales in its course 3G-42 ; 13-15 in a transverse series from 
dorsal to ventrals. Dorsal fin with an elongate basis, its number of 
rays 25-30; anterior rays somewhat elevated, their length about half 
that of the base of the fin. Caudal not much forked. Anal fin not 
much elevated, its rays about 9 in number. Pectorals and ventrals 
moderate, the latter with about 10 rays. Sexual peculiarities, if any, un- 
known. Coloration dark, not silvery. Air-bladder with two chambers. 
Size very large. A single species known. fish ; doD?, buffalo.) 
113. f. BseshaBeis (Raf.)Ag. — Red-mouth Buffalo-fish. 
Body robust, moderately compressed, the outline somewhat elliptical, 
but the back rather more curved than the belly ; depth 2i-3i in length. 
Head very large and thick, 3i in length of body. Opercular ajqiaratus 
very strong, the operculum itself forming nearly half the length of the 
head. Scales A^ery large. DcA^eloped rays of the dorsal 27-29 ; anal rays 
9 ; A’entrals 10. Scales 7-37 to 11-6. Coloration dull broAvnish oliA^e, 
not silvery. Pins dusky. Size A’ery large ; reaches a length of nearly 
3 feet and a weight of 20-30 pounds. Mississippi Valley ; generally 
abundant in the larger streams. 
{Amhlodon hubalus Raf. Jonrn. Phys. 1818, 421 ; Agassiz, Amer. Joiirn. Sci. Arts, 1854, 
19G : Svlerognathus cyprineUa C. &V. Hist. Nat. Poiss. 1844,477: *Ichthyoh(iS cyanellus 
Nelson, Bull. 111. Mas. Nat. Hist, i, 49: Ichthyohus hubalus Jordan, Bull. U. S. Nat. 
Mas. xii, 214: Sckroynathus cyprineUa Giinther, vii, 24.) 
* See Jordan, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mas. xii, 207. There has been perhaps a confusion 
among Mr. Nelson’s types of this species. One sent by him to ns is an Ictiobus. 
