444 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
227.— SERIOLA Cuvier. 
Amher-JisJies. 
{Halatractus Gill.) 
(Cuvier, R^gne Auim. ed. 2, ii, 1829: type Caranx dumerili Risso.) 
Body oblong, moderately compressed, not elevated. Occiput and breast 
not trenchant. Head usually more or less conical, not very blunt. 
Mouth comparatively large, with broad bands of villiform teeth on both 
jaws, tongue, vomer, and palatines; a broad, strong, supplemental maxil- 
illary bone; luemaxillaries protractile. Scales small. Lateral line 
scarcely arched, forming a keel on the caudal peduucle, not armed with 
bony plates. Sides of head with scales. First dorsal with about seven 
low spines, connected by membrane ; second dorsal very long, elevated 
in front ; anal similar to the soft dorsal but not nearly so long, shorter 
than the abdomen, preceded by two verj" small free spines, which dis- 
apjiear in old fishes; no finlets; ventral fins very long; pectorals short 
and broad. Gill-rakers moderate. Species of moderate or large size, 
often gracefully colored; most of them valued as food-fishes. This 
genus should probably be united to Naucrates. {iSeriola, the Italian 
name of S. dumerili.) 
701. S. lalandi Cuv. & Val. — Yellow-tail. 
Bright steel-blue above, sides dull silvery, an irregular yellowish 
lateral band; fins dusky yellowish green; caudal dull yellow. Body 
regularly fusiform, somewhat compressed, tapering to the sharp snout 
and slender caudal peduncle. Maxillary reach ing front of pui^il. Mouth 
not very large. Gill-rakers long and stron g. Head naked, except on 
the cheeks. Fins scaleless. Caudal keel moderate ; caudal lobes nearly 
equal. Spines of moderate development, the free anal spines disappear- 
ing with age. Peetorals shorter than ventrals, which are half length of 
head; longest dorsal ray f height of body. Pyloric coeca very numer- 
ous. Head 4; depth 4. I). V to VII-I, 35; A. 11-1,21. L. 3 feet. In 
most warm seas; abundant in summer about the Santa Barbara Islands; 
also occasional on the South Atlantic coast. An excellent food-fish. 
(Cuv. &Val. ix, 208, 1833; Giintlier, ii, 4G3: Seriola aureovittata Sclilegel, Faun. 
Japan. Poiss. 115, pi. 02.) 
702. S. I'ivoliaua Cuv. & Val. — Eoclc Salmon. 
Color uniform ; an oblique black band from the nape through the eye 
to the preorbital. Snout conical, 1^ times the diameter of the eye. Max- 
illary not reaching the vertical from centre of pupil. Back, neck, and 
