548 COXTRIBUTIOXS TO XORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
usually an outer series of larger teeth in each jaw, and 2-4 stronger teeth 
or canines in the front of the upper iaw; vomer with villiform teeth; villi- 
forni teeth on the palatines and in one or more patches on the tongue ; 
l)reopercle sometimes with a notch posteriorly, into which a knob on the 
interopercle fits ( Diacope) ; posterior limb of preopercle finely serrate ; 
gill-rakers moderate, strong; branchiostegais 7; vertical fins not much 
scaly; dorsal spines 10-12 ; caudal lunate or forked. Yertebrm 10 -t- 14. 
Species very numerous, in all warm seas. {Luijang, the Japanese or 
Malayan name of some of the species.) 
II. Canilal fiu deeply forked, the lobes atteuuate. (Ocijunts' Gill.) 
861 . 1-. Biielamn’iis (L.) J. & G. 
Olivaceous, with oblique streaks above the lateral line, and some 
shimug golden longitudinal bands on the side; no axillary spot nor 
lateral blotch ; fins chiefly yellow, the caudal not black. Body elongate, 
compressed; head pointed; lower jaw prominent; upper canines well 
developed ; preopercle without distinct notch ; maxillary reaching to 
front of pupil ; eye large, nearly as long as snout, in head ; top of 
head with a sharp keel ; spines rather slender ; pectorals reaching past 
tips of ventrals; anal spines graduated, short; caudal deeply forked, 
the inner rays less than half the length of the outer. Head 3 ; depth 
3. D. X, 13; A. Ill, 9; Lat. 1. 51. West Indies, north to Florida. 
{Perea melanuralj. Syst. Nat. (after Catesby) : Spar us chrysurus Ploch, Icbtb. taf. 262: 
Mesoprion ehrysurus Cuv. A: Val. ii, 459: Mesojmon chrysurus Gunther, i, 186: Ocyurus 
melaniirus Goode, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1879, 114.) 
aa. Caudal fin lunate. 
h. Vomerine teeth forming a cross-shaped or anchor-shaped patch ; canines well 
developed. {Liifjauus.) 
862 . Li. eaxis (Bloch A: Schn.) Poey. — Yelting ; Gray Snapper. 
Greenish olive, each scale with a brown spot, these sometimes con- 
fluent, forming narrow bands extending likewise across the vertical 
fins; usually a narrow blue stripe on preorbital and cheeks; young 
sometimes barred and with the fins dark-edged ; no lateral blotch. Snout 
long and sharp ; mouth moderate, maxillary reaching front of pupil ; eye 
large, shorter than snout, 34 in head. Cheeks with about 6 rows of 
scales ; preopercle with a slight notch at the tip of the interopercle ; 
teeth strong; canines in upper jaw well developed; tongue with a siu- 
’^Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 236: type Sparus chrysurus Bloch. (<»«n?, 
swift; dvpa, tail.) 
