272 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
serrate. Fins A^arions. No adipose fin. Caudal forked. Small fishes; 
usually swimming in large schools. Abundant in all warm seas, occa- 
sionally entering rivers. Genera 0, species about 60. 
(CIujpcidcB group EngraulkVma Giiiither, vii, 383-406.) 
* Gill-meinbraiies scardely connected, the gill-openings being extremely '^ide; no 
pectoral filaments; anal tin moderate, its origin behind that of the dorsal ; 
upper jaw iirojecting beyond lower; maxillaries not extending beyond gill- 
openings; teeth small, or wanting, in one or both jaws.. .Stolepiiokus, 127. 
127.— ST01.EPM0UUS Lac6pMe. 
Anchovies. 
{Engraulis Cuvier, 1817.) 
(Lacdp^de, Hist. Nat. Poiss. v, 381, 1803; type Atherina japonica Gmelin.) 
Body oblong, compressed, covered with rather large, thin, deciduous 
scales. Snout conical, comitressed, projecting. Maxillary extending 
backward far behind eye, about to the base of the mandible. Oper- 
culum narrow, inembranaceous. Teeth small, usuall}’ on the jaws, 
vomer, palatines, and pterygoids, those of one or both jaws sometimes 
obsolete. Anal fin moderate, free from caudal (its rays 15-40). No pec- 
toral filaments. Dorsal about midway of body, posterior to ventrals. 
Pectorals and ventrals each with an accessory scale. Adipose eyelid 
obsolete. Branchiostegals 9-14. Gill-membranes not united, leaving 
the narrow isthmus uncovered. Species about 25, in all warm regions. 
(<3Tol7^', a stole, a white band worn by priests; yo/u)?, bearing; in allusion 
to the silvery lateral band.) 
* Teeth flue, even, numerous, persistent in both jaws. 
t Sides without distinct silvery band. 
452. S. I’jng’eBis (Jenyns) Jor. & Gilb. — Anchovg. 
Bluish above; sides and below silvery, not translucent. No silvery 
lateral band. Body little compressed, rounded above, slightly cari- 
nated below, not serrated. Head long, anteriorly compressed, the snout 
pointed and protruding. Head nearly twice as long as deep. Eye 
large, very near the tip of the snout. Maxillary extending beyond root 
of mandible. Opercle deeper than long, jdaced very obliquely. Gill- ' 
rakers very long, much longer than the eye. Head 3J; depth 54. 
D. 14; A. 22; Lat. 1. 40; B. 14. L. 7 inches. Pacific coast, from ^"hn- |jj 
couver’s Island to Peru; extremely abundant. The largest of our an- 
chovies. 
(Engraulis rin gens Jenyns, Voyage Beagle, 136: Engraulis I’ingens Gunther, vii, 386: 
Engraulis mordax Girard, U. S. Pac. R. K. Surv. x, 334: Engraulis nanus Girard, 1. c. 
