572 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IV. 
depth 3J. D. X-I, 25; A. II, 8; Lat. 1. 50. Cai^e Cod to Mexico; 
common southward; known at sight by the peculiar caudal spot. 
(Perea ocellata L. Syst. 'Nat.: Corviita oeellata Ciiv. & Val. v, 134: Corvina ocellata 
Holbrook, Ich. S. C. 1860, 150; Giiiither, ii, 289.) 
dd. Outerteeth in upper jaw scarcely larger tliau others ; lower pharyugeals enlarged, 
their teeth paved. (Roncador* J. & G.) 
899 . 8 . Stearnsi ISteindachner) Jor. & Gilb. — Roncador. 
Grayish silvery, with bluish lustre, some streaks of dark points along 
the rows of scales ; breast and belly with two dusky lengthwise streaks; 
a very conspicuous, large, jet black spot at base of pectoral, including 
the axil and the base of the tin ; fins grayish, with dusky shades; inside 
of mouth, branch iostegals, and peritoneum mostly black. Body oblong, 
heavy forward, the shoulders elevated and the profile steep; month 
rather large, maxillary reaching beyond middle of e 3 "e. Teeth in both 
jaws in a broad villiform band, the outer row scarcely enlarged; no 
canines; x)reopercle strongly dentate; gill-rakers slender, rather short; 
lower jiharyngeals broad, the teeth mostly paved; eye large. iSpinous 
dorsal not much elevated ; second anal spine shortish, about half the 
height of the soft rays, very stout; i)ectnral elongate, reaching mucli 
past the tips of the long ventrals ; caudal fin lunate, the upper lobe 
the longer. Head3|; depth 3. D. X-I, 24; A. II, 8; Lat. 1. 60. L. 30 
inches. Coast of California, north to Point Concepcion ; a large and 
valued food-fish, singularly distinguished by its black pectoral spot. 
(Corvina stearnsi Steiudaebuer, Iclitliyo]. Beitriige, iii, 1875,22: Roncador stearnsi 
Jor. & Gilb. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1880, 28.) 
cc. Preopercle witb an entire, mejnbrauaceons border. 
d. Dorsal with less than 30 soft rays. (Scicenat.) 
900. S. saturna (Grd.) J. & G. — Red Roncador. 
Blackish, with coppery lustre; each scale with a cluster of dark 
points; a dark opercular patch; fins rather dark; belly silvery, but 
dusted with dark specks. Body oblong, with the antedorsal region 
convex and the profile nearly straight. Maxillaries not reaching to 
posterior border of eye. Teeth in lower jaw in a broad villiform band ; 
upper jaw with a similar band, in front of which is a single row of large 
teeth; lower pharyugeals narrow, with conical teeth. Gill-rakers short 
* Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1830, 28: tj’pe Corvina sfcarnsi Steiudach- 
ner. (Spanish roncador, grnuter. ) This is perhaps a valid genus, distinguished from 
Scicena by its large, paved pharyugeals, resembling those of Pogonias, but not united. 
t — Corvina Cuvier, Regne Anim. ed. 2, ii, 173, 1829: type Scicena nigra Bloch= 
Scicena umbra L. None of the siiecies of the group called Scia’na by Cuvier were known 
to Linnaeus. 
