106 . SCORPyENID^E SEBASTES. 
651 
sal with 8 to 16 rather strong spines and about as many soft rays; anal 
rather short, with 3 spines and 5-10 soft rays; soft rays in all the fins 
branched, except some of the lower rays of the iiectorals. Pyloric coeca 
in moderate or small number (less than 12). Pseudobranchite large. 
Air-bladder present. Genera about 20; species about 200, inhabiting 
all seas, but especially abundant in the temperate parfts of the Pacific 
Ocean, where they form a large iik’oportiou of the fish fauna. They are 
non-migratory fishes living about rocks; most of them are of large size, 
and all are used as food. Many of them are viviparous, the young be- 
ing produced in great numbers when about oue-fourtfi of an inch in 
length. 
{Triglidw, grouj) Scorpcentna pt. Giiutlier, ii.) 
a. Dorsal spines 15 ; vertebra} 12 -j- 19 ; palatine teeth present Sebastes, 357. 
aa. Dorsal spines 13; vertebrae 12 + 15 ; palatine teeth present Sebastodes, 358. 
aaa. Dorsal spines 12; vertebrae 10-|-14; palatine teeth present; scales ctenoid, or 
provided with dermail flaps ScoravEXA, 359. 
aaaa. Dorsal spines 10 or 11; scales smooth, entire .• Setauches, 360. 
351.-SEBASTES Cuvier. 
Rose-fishes. 
(Cuvier, Regne Aniin. ed. 2, ii, 1829: type Perea norvegica Miiller.) 
Body oblong, compressed. Head large, scaly above and on sides; cra- 
nial ridges well developed. Mouth terminal, very broad, oblique, the 
broad maxillary extending to below the eye; lower jaw projecting, 
with a bony knob at the symphysis; palatine teeth present. Eye very 
large; preopercle with five divergent spines; opercle with two; supra- 
scapular spines strong; gill-rakers long, slender. Scales small, ctenoid, 
irregularly arranged; no dermal flaps. Dorsal fin continuous, very 
long, the spinous part much longer than the soft part, of 15 strong spines; 
anal spines three, strong; caudal emargiuate; pectorals long, iiarrow. 
Branchiostegals 7. Vertebrae 12 -f 19. Coloration mostly red. Ovoviv- 
iparous. Species few, mostlj" of the i^orthern Seas. (<r£/5a(7ro?, magnfi- 
cent.) 
1007. S. mariailllS (L.) Liitken. — Pose-fsh; Ped-Jish ; Snaju^er; TIemdnrgau. 
Orange red, nearly uniform, sometimes a dusky opercular blotch, and 
about 5 vague dusky bars on the back. Body ovate; back elevated, 
the ventral outline straightish; top of head evenly scaled; interorbital 
space with two low ridges, between which it is concave; nasal spines 
present; cranial ridges moderate, rather low and sharp; preocular, 
supraocular, postocular, tympanic, and occipital ridges present, the 
latter with the tips abruptly divergent ; suprascai>ular spines very sharp 
