106. SCORPyENIDyE — SEBASTODES. 
653 
moderate or large, with the jaws equal or the lower more or less pro- 
jecting; teeth in villiform bands on jaws, vomer and palatines. Head 
more or less evenly scaled, without dermal flaps; cranial ridges more or 
less developed;* some or all of the following pairs present, usually 
ending in spines: preocnlar, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, cor- 
onal, occipital, and nuchal. Five preopercular spines. Two spines on 
the opercle and one to three on the suprascapula. Suborbital stay 
moderate, usually not reaching preopercle. Gill-rakers various. Scales 
moderate or rather small, ctenoid, in 45 to 100 transverse series. Dor- 
sal fin contiuuoiis, emarginate, its formal i XIII, 12 to 14. Anal fin 
III, G to 9. Pectorals well developed, the base broad or narrow, the 
lower rays undivided. Caudal truncate or slightly forked; soft parts 
of vertical fius more or less scaly. Pyloric coeca G to 11. Vertebrte 
12 -4- 15. Species of rather large size, and Varied, often brilliant colors, 
mostly red. Sexes colored alike. Most of them inhabit the Pacific 
Ocean, and they are exceedingly abundant in rocky places along the 
west coast of the United States. All are ovoviviparous, bringing forth 
great numbers of young, which are nearly half an inch in length when 
born. The species differ greatly in form and armature, but the genera 
based on these differences intergrade too closely to be \Yorthy of reten- 
tion. (^T£/?afrroV, Sebastes; likeness.) 
ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF SEBASTODES. 
a. Scales very small ; lat. 1. 90-100 ; moutb very large, the lower jaw mucli projecting; 
skull thick, the cranial ridges 
weak. A. Ill, 9. (Sebastodes.) 
Color light olivaceous red ; 
young greenish paucitpinis. 
* Diagram of cranial ridges of Sebastodes. 
b\ /k 
a\ la 
a. Kasai spines. 
d. Postocular spines. 
g. Occipital spines. 
b. Preocular spines. 
e. Tympanic spines. 
h. Kuclial spines. 
c. Supraocular spines. 
/. Coronal spines. 
t. Eyes. 
