G08 CONTEIBUTIONS TO NOETH AMEEICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IV. 
trarchklm of tlie United States. Genera about 25; species about 120, 
inliabiting’ the rivers of Africa and tropical America, the genus Her os 
extending into the limits of the TJuited States. Those with lobate 
teeth are herbivorous, the rest carnivorous. 
(Chromidcs Giiuther, iv, 2(54-316.) 
* Spinous part of dorsal longer than the soft; gill-rakers short and thick; teeth con- 
ical; body ovate or oblong, covered with cteuoid scales; anal spines 5 or 
more; mouth rather small Heros, 327. 
324.— HEROS Heckel. 
(Rerichthys Baird & Girard.) 
(Heckel, Brazil, Fluss-fische, Ann. Wien. Mus. ii, 362, 1840: type Heros sereja/s Heckel. ) 
Body oblong, compressed, somewhat elevated, the form Centrarchoid. 
Head rather large, scaly on the cheeks and operclesj preopercle entire. 
Month rather small, terminal, low, the jaws equal ; maxillary small ; 
preorbital deep; jaws with a single series of rather stout conical teeth, 
behind which, in front, is a narrow band of villiform teeth.. Gill-mem- 
branes slightly connected, free from the isthmus; gill rakers short and 
thick. Scales rather large, cteuoid ; the lateral line interrupted and 
beginning again below, as usual in this family. Dorsal tin continuous, 
the spinous part much longer than the soft i)art, of about 17 rather low 
but strong spines; soft rays much higher than spines; anal fin similar 
to soft dorsal but shorter, its spinous part also longer than the soft, of 
about 6 spines; caudal fin subtruncate, with rounded angles. Species 
very numerous in Central and South America. liero; the appli- 
cation not evident.) 
955. H. cyaciogriittntiis (B. & G.) Gtbr. 
Brownish, body and soft parts of vertical fins everywhere with small 
blue spots ; sometimes a black spot on middle of spinous dorsal, with 
another one below it on the back ; a black blotch at base of caudal. 
Body oval, moderately compressed ; profile gently curved ; interorbital 
region slightly depressed ; eyes small, situated rather backward and 
high up; mouth small, maxillary not reaching orbit; six rows of scales 
on cheek ; fins high. Head .3^ ; depth 2^. D. XVII, 10 ; A. VI, 8. Lat. 1. 
25. Eivers of Texas and Mexico. 
(Uerkhtlnjs eyanoguttatus B. & G. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila. vii, 25, 1854: Gunther, 
iv, 290.) 
