737 
108 (&). TRIGLID.E CEPIIALACANTIIUS. 
reaching slightly beyond membrane of opercle; opercle ending in two 
points, the lower a long spinefthe membrane connecting the two scaly ; 
scales thin, ciliate, not closely imbricate; first dorsal spine granulate 
in front; pectorals reaching beyond middle of anal, about to base of 
ninth ray; free rays very slender, the uppermost more than half length 
of fin; Amntrals not reaching vent; caudal slightly emarginate. Head 
2§; depth 4; eye in snout. D. X-12; A. 11; P. 13-III; Lat. 1. 55. 
Deep water off San Francisco; one specimen known. 
(Lockiugtoii, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1880, 520. ) 
391.— CEPJIAILACAIVTIUPS Lac6pMe. 
Flying Gurnards. 
{Dactylopterns Lac(5pede, iii, 325.) 
(Lacdpede, Hist. Nat. Poiss. iii. 323, 1802: tyiie Gastcrosteus spinarella Linn.) 
Body elongate, snbqnadrangnlar, tapering behind; head very blnut, 
quadrangular, its surface almost entirely bony; nasals, preorbitals, 
snborbitals, and bones of top of head united into a shield ; nuchal part 
of shield on each side jirodnced backward in a bony ri(^e, ending in a 
a strong spine, which reaches past front of dorsal; interocnlar space 
deeply concave; preorbitals forming a i)roJecting roof above the jaws; 
lU’eopercle produced in a very long rough spine; cheeks and opercles 
with small scales; opercle smaller than eye; gill-opeuiugs narrow, ver- 
tical, separated by a very broad, scaly isthmus; pseudobranchite large; 
gill-rakers minute; mouth small, lower jaw included; jaws with granu- 
lar teeth; no teeth on vomer or palatines; scales bony, strongly keeled; 
2 serrated, knife-like appendages at base of tail; first dorsal of 4 or 
5 rather high flexible spines, the first one or two spines nearly free 
from the others; an immovable spine between the dorsals; anal and 
second dorsal short, of slender rays; caudal small, lunate; pectoral 
fins divided to the base into two parts, the anterior portion (corre- 
s]>onding to the free rays in Prionotus) about as long as the head, of 
about G rays, closely connected; the posterior and larger portion more 
than twice length of head, reaching nearly to caudal in the adult 
{^‘•Dactylopterns’' Lac.); much shorter iu the young {‘■‘■Cephalacanth.us” 
Lac.); these rays very slender, simple, wide apart at tip; ventrals I, 
4, long, pointed,^ their bases clo.se together, the inner rays shortest; 
air-bladder with two lateral parts, each with a large muscle; pyloric 
cceca numerous; vertebrm 9 13. Warm seas; the adult able to move 
Bull. Xat. Mus. Xo. IG 47 
