732 CONTEIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IV. 
free, or variously attached to the isthmus. Yeutral fins thoracic, usu- 
ally wide apart, separated a flat area, I, 4 or I, 5. Spinous dorsal 
present, short; soft dorsal similar to the anal, which is without spines; 
caudal narrow, few-rayed. Pectorals large, with broad base, some- 
times divided into two portions, sometimes with the two or three lower- 
most rays detached. Air-bladder present; pyloric cceca usually pres- 
ent, few in number. Singular looking fishes, allied to the Cottida’, 
found in all seas. Genera 5; species about 40. 
{Triglidm ]}t. Giiiitlier, ii, 191-210, 21G-224. ) 
a. Pectoral fius, two or three detached appendages below; ventrals I, 5, wide 
apart. 
i. Body mailed; teeth none; pectoral appendages 2. {Perittediino'..) 
Pkristedium, 388. 
hh. Body scaly; teeth present ; pectoral appendages 3. {Triglince.) 
c. Palatines toothless Trigla, 389. 
cc. Palatines with teeth Prio^otus, 390. 
aa. Pectoral tin divided to the base, into two nneqnal parts ; ventrals I, 4, contigu- 
ous; gill-membranes broadly attached to the isthmus. {DautylojUerincp.) 
Cephalacantiius, 391. 
3§8.— PERISTEDIUITI Lac<Spede. ' 
{Peristedion Lac<5p6de, Hist. Nat. Poiss. iii, 3o8, 1802: type Peristedion malarmat Lac. = 
Trigla catapliracla Gmelin.) 
Body elongate, fusiform, covered with bony plates, each of which is 
armed with a strong spine; head bony; each preorbital produced into 
a long flat process, which projects more or less beyond the mouth; 
« 
mouth small; teeth none; lower jaw included, jirovided with barbels; 
gill-membranes separate, narrowly joined to the isthmus anteriorly; 
gill-rakers slender. Dorsal fin continuous or divided. Pectoral fin 
short, with the two lowermost rays detached. Ventrals I, 5, separated 
by a broad flat area. Air-bladder simple. Pyloric cceca about 10. 
Warm seas. Color generally red. around; azcOiov, diminutive of 
(TTcOoq, breast; the breast being mailed.) 
1131. P. misiiiittsm Goode. 
Bright crimson. Armature of body essentially as in P. hrevirostre ; * 
spines of abdominal plates very weak posteriorly ; length of preorbital 
process 3.J in distance from its extremity to front of orbit; interorbital 
space deeply concave; protuberance on the forehead very slight; a 
pair of spines on ui)per surface of snout behind base of preorbital 
processes; a larger pair on preorbital processes; ridge of preopercle 
ending in a depressed, short, sharp-pointed spine; about ten small 
* See Guuther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. ii, 218, 1860. 
