122. PLEUEONECTID.E — BOTHUS. 
815 
jjj- Teeth none; eyes sin istral ; candal fin snhscssile; hody translu- 
cent Tiiyris, 462. 
aa. Pectoral fins one or both reduced or wanting ; margin of preopercle usually not free. 
0 . Vertical fins free from the caudal. 
. ]?• Byes sinistral; caudal snhscssile; left pectoral only 
present; lateral line present, arched on eyed side, 
straight on blind side Monoi.kne, 463. 
PP- Eyes dextral; ventral of right side continuous with 
anal; pectoral fin single small, or wanting; scales 
very rough; lateral line single, straight ; teeth villi- 
form, on blind side only Acmiius, 464. 
00 . Vertical fins confluent around the pointed tail; body 
sinistral; no pectoral fins ; one ventral present; eyes 
very small. 
q. No lateral line ; ventral free from anal ; teeth 
minute, on blind side only ; snout not hooked ; 
scales ctenoid Apiioristia, 465. 
449. — BOTHUS Raflnesque. 
Turhots. 
(i?7tojn&it8 Cuvier, not of Lac^i^ede : Lepidorhomiiis Gthr. : ScojyJiihalmus Eaf.: Loplwp- 
seiia Gill.) 
(Rafiuesque, Caratteri di Alcuui Nuovi Generi, 1810, 23: type Botlius ruinolo Raf. = 
Fleuroiiectes rhombus L. ) 
Eyes and color on the left side. Body broadly ovate, strongly com- 
jiressed; mouth large, oblique, the maxillary reaching to beyond eye; 
teeth subeqnal, in villiform or cardiform bands, sometimes in single 
series; a small patch of teeth on the vomer. Scales small, ctenoid or 
cycloid, sometimes obsolete; shin sometimes with bony tubercles. Lat- 
eral line strongly arched in front, without accessory branch. Dorsal 
fin beginning on the snout; anal fin not preceded by a si)iue; ventral 
of left side free from the anal, inserted nearly on the ridge of the ab- 
domen, its base broad, the rays well separated. Species sometimes of 
large size, mostly of the Atlantic. (/?o77wc, deep.) 
a. Scales developed, cycloid ; no bony tubercles. (Bothus.*) 
1255. B. maciilatns (Mitch.) J. & G. — Sand-flounder; Window-pane. 
Light olive brown, almost translucent, everywhere marbled with 
paler, and with many roundish irregular blackish blotches; fins spot- 
ted. Body broadly rhomboid, very strongly compressed; interorbital 
area flattish; eye rather large, about equal to snout; teeth in both 
jaws in one series laterally, in a very narrow band in front; maxillary 
nearly half length of head. Gill-rakers rather long and slender, nu- 
merous, about 25 below the angle of the arch. Scales well developed, 
* = Lophopsetta Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 216: type Pleuronectea macu- 
latus Mitchill. 
