1J3. PLEURONECTES PLATYSOMATICHTHYS. 
819 
iug ill tlie aSTorthem seas. (Tlie ancient name, from fTrroc, horse; yULaaa^ 
ton one.) 
1261. 11. vulg:aris Fleming. — Halibut. 
Nearly uniform dark brown; blind side white. Body comparatively 
elongate, not strongly compressed, deep mesially, thence rapidly taper- 
ing each way; head broad; eyes large, separated by a very broad flat- 
tish area; lower eye slightly advanced; mouth large, the maxillary 
reaching middle of orbit. Head 3f; depths. D. 105; A. 78. In all 
Northern seas, south to France, Cape Cod, and San Fi'ancisco. One 
of our most important food-fishes, reaching a weight sometimes of 400 
liounds. 
(Pleuronectes hippoglossus L. Syst. Nat.; Fleming, Brit. Anim. 1828, 197; Gunther, 
iv, 403: Hippoglonsus arnericanus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 220.) 
452.— PliATYSOMATlCIlTHYS Bleeker. 
(lieinhardtius Gill.) 
(Bleeker, Comptes Rendns Acad. Sci. Amsterd. xiii, 1862: type Pleuronectes ping uis 
Fabricius = Plcffroaecies hippoglossoides Walbaum.) 
Eyes and color on the right side. Body more or less elongate, com- 
pressed; head long and large; mouth large; maxillary reaching be- 
yond eye; jaws with strong, unequal teeth; the upiier with 2 series in 
front, these converging behind; lower jaw with a single series of strong, 
distant teeth; no teeth on vomer or iialatiues. Gill-rakers few, short, 
stout, and rough. Fins rather low; caudal fin lunate. Lower pha- 
ryngeal teeth in 1 row. Scales small, cycloid; lateral line without 
anterior curve. One species known. (-4a-ru?, flat; awiia. body; lyOui;^ 
fish.) 
1262. P. SiippogfSossoides (Walbaum) Bean. — Greenland Halibut. 
Yellowish brown. Snout more than twice as long as the orbit, the 
diameter of which is one-eighth the length of the head; eyes even in 
front ; interorbital space flat, scaly, wider than the orbit ; lower jaw 
liromiuent; length of maxillary 2J in head; teeth conical, pointed; 
upper jaw with 2 series, convergent jiosteriorly; those of the outer 
series gradually smaller posteriorly; a pair of strong canine teeth 
anteriorly in the inner series, the other teeth of this series being very 
small ; lower jaw with a series of strong, distant teeth. Gill-rakers 
short, thick, and strongl}" dentate. Fins naked. Longest dorsal rays 
one-third length of head; no anal spine; dorsal and anal rays all 
simple, the dorsal beginning over posterior third of the eye. Scales 
