834 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
moderately arclied anteriorly, with an accessory dorsal branch, which is 
less than half length of head. Height of arch less than one-third its 
length. Dorsal beginning over the ej'e, its anterior rays low 5 caudal con- 
vex; anal preceded by a spine; a concealed spine behind ventrals; rays 
of dorsal and anal all simple; dorsal and anal somewhat scaly; caudal 
three-fifths length of head; pectoral half head. Lower pharyngeals 
broad, each with two rows of blunt teeth. Head 3f ; depth 2i. D. 80; 
A. CO; teeth 25>io5 I-'* inches. San Francisco to Alaska; 
abundant northward. A food-fish of some importance. 
(Platesm hiliiieata Ayres, Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1855, 40: Pleuronectes hilineatus 
Giintlier, i\', 444: Lepldopsetta hilineata Lockingtoii, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas. 1870, 103: 
Platichthys umbrosus Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila. 185G, 136: Pleuronectes uin- 
brosus Giinther, iv, 454 : Pleuronectes perarcuatus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1873. ) 
aa. Lateral line Avitliout acee.ssory branch. 
e. Lateral line strongly arched in front; scales ctenoid. (Limanda* Gottsche. ) 
1385. P. ferrsigiaieais (Storer) J. &. G. — Sand Dab. 
Brownish olive, with nnmerons, irregular, reddish spots; fins simi- 
larly marked; left side with caudal fin, caudal peduncle, and margins 
of dorsal and anal fins lemon yellow. Body ovate-elliptical, strongly 
compressed; teeth small, conical, close-set, in a single series on each 
side in each jaw. Snont projecting, forming a strong angle above 
upper eye, with the descending profile. Gill-rakers of moderate length, 
very weak, not toothed. Eyes moderate, in head, the lower slightly 
in advance of upper, separated by a high, very narrow ridge, which is 
scaled posteriorly, and is continued backward as an inconspicnons but 
rough ridge to the beginning of the lateral line. Scales imbricate, 
nearly uniform, those on right side rongh-ctenoid, those on left side 
nearly or quite smooth; scales on body rougher than on cheeks. Cau- 
dal peduncle short, higher than long. Dorsal, inserted over middle of 
eye, its middle rays highest; pectoral less than two-fifths length of 
head; caudal fin rounded; anal spine present. Lateral line simple, 
* with a rather low arch in front, the depth of which is barely two-fifths 
the length. A concealed spine behind ventrals ; ventral of colored side 
partly lateral, the other wholly so; anal spine strong. Head 4 in 
length; depth 24. D. 85; A. 02; Lat. 1. 100. Atlantic coast, chiefly 
northward. 
( Platessa ferruginca Storer, Report Fish. Mass. 1839, 141: Platessa rostrata H. R, 
Storer, Dost. Jouru. Nat. Hist, vi, 268: Mgzopsetta ferruginca Gill, Pi'oc. Acad. Nat. 
Sci. Phila. 1864, 217.) 
* Gottsche, Wiegmaun’s Archiv. 1835, 100: type Pleuronectes limanda D. — Limanda 
7Uilgaris Gottsche. {Limanda, au ancieut uauie of L. vulgaris; perhaps from Xipt/v, 
a small hay- or creek.) 
