120. GADID.E GADUS. 803 
depth 5^. D. 98 j A. 71. {Sforer.) Polar regions, south to Cajie 
Cod and Denmark. 
(Gadus hrosmc Muller, Prodr. Zodl. Dan. 41, 177G: Gadm hrosme Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 
140; Brosmius Jlavescens Giiutlier, iv, 369; Brosmius fiavescens Storer, Fish. Mass. 368: 
Brosniius hrosme Giiuther, iv, 369: Brosmius vulgaris Dekay, New York Fauna, Fish. 
289.) 
443.— GADUS Linnc^us. 
Cod-fishes. 
(Artedi ; Linna;us, Syst. Nat. : type Gadus callarias or morrlma L.) 
Body moderately elongate, compressed and tapering behind. Scales 
very small; lateral line present. Head narrowed anteriorly; month 
moderate or large; chin with a barbel, which is sometimes minute; 
teeth cardiform, subequal, or with those of one series more or less en- 
larged; vomer with teeth; none on the palatines. Dorsal fins three, 
well separated; anal fins two; ventral fins well developed, of about 
seven rays. Species of the Northern Seas; highly valued as food. 
{Gadus, the Latin name, akin to the English word Cod.) 
a. Lower jaw included; barbel well developed. 
h. Vent below second dorsal; species of large size, 
c. Lateral line black; mouth small, the maxillary not reaching eye. {Mclano- 
grammus* Gill.) 
123@. G. aeglEfiBSEBS L. — Haddock. 
Dark gray above, whitish below; lateral line black; a large dark 
blotch above the pectorals; dorsals and caudal dusky. Snout long 
and narrow, overlapping the small mouth; maxillary barely reach- 
ing front of orbit; teeth subequal, large, in a cardiform band in upper 
jaw; in a single series on lower jaw and on vomer; occiput carinated; a 
ridge extending backward from each orbit; eye very large, two-thirds 
length of snout, 4 in head. Anterior rays of first dorsal elevated, 
three fourths length of head, the fin pointed, higher than second and 
third dorsals; caudal lunate; vent below front of second dorsal. The 
skull in this species is more depressed than in Gadus callarias^ broader, 
and thinner in texture; occipital crest exceedingly high, much higher 
than in Gadus, the wing-like projections at its base anteriorly spread- 
ing widely’, raised above the surface of the skull. Head 3f ; depth 4J. 
D. 15-24-21; A. 23-21. North Atlantic, on both coasts; an important 
food-fish, reaching a considerable size. 
{Gadus aujlifinus Limiaeus, Syst. Nat. : Gadus ceglifinus Gunther, iv, 332: Melanogram- 
mus ceglifinus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1863, 237.) 
* Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1863, 237 : type Gadus ceglifinus L. (//f'laS, black; 
ypajujui}, line.) , 
