107(a). COTTLD^ HEMITEIPTEEUS. 
685 
361.— HEMITRIPTERUS Cuvier. 
Sea Rav€7is. 
(Cuvier, E&gne. Anim. ii, 1829, eel. 2: type Hemifripterus americanus C. &. V.) 
Body moderately elongate, scaleless, but tlie skin covered with jirickles 
and bony protuberances of various sizes and forms. Ilead large, vitb 
numerous bony humps and ridges and fleshy slips above; orbital rim 
much elevated, the interorbital space deeply concave; a depressed 
area at the occiput, behind which are two blunt spines on each side. 
Mouth very wide ; jaws, vomer, and palatines with broad bands of 
teeth; no slit behind last gill; gill membranes broadly united, free 
from the isthmus; preopercle with stout, blunt spines; suborbital stay 
very strong, forming a sharp ridge. Spinous dorsal much longer than 
the soft part, of 15 to 18 spines, of which the first two are the highest, 
and the fourth and fifth shorter than the succeeding ones, the fin thus 
deeply emargiuate; pectoral fins very broad, much procurrent; veu- 
trals I, 3. Large fishes of singular appearance, inhabiting the Korth 
Atlantic and Pacific. half; rpecq, three; Tzrepdv, fin.) 
1040. II. amei’icaiiojs (Gmelin) Cuv. &Val. — Sea Raven. 
Keddish brown, marbled with darker brown, and much variegated; 
yellowish below; fins variegated with light and dark. Body villous, 
the prickles enlarged and tubercle-like along back and lateral line; 
nasal spines strong; supraocular ridge much elevated, with dermal 
flaps and two blunt spines; two pairs of fleshy slips on nasal bones, 
and two on supraocular ridges; smaller cirri on maxillary, on preor- 
bital, and several on lower jaw; interocular space very deeply concave ; 
two blunt occipital spines on each side, outside of which are two or 
three others; opercle small, with a bony ridge; preopercle with two 
blunt spines, below which are one or two others; lower jaw slightly 
iwojecting; maxillary reaching beyond eye, about half head; pectorals 
nearly reaching anal; highest dorsal spine If in length of head, as 
long as caudal; ventrals reaching half way to anal. Head 2f; depth 
3f. D. IV, XII-I, 12; A. 13; Lat. 1. 40. Atlantic coast of America; 
chiefly northward from Cape Cod. 
(Scorpwna americana Ginel. Syst. Nat. 1788, 1220: Cotfiis acarfiaji Walbaum, Artedi 
Pise. 1792, 392; Cuv. & Val. iv, 268; Giinther, ii, 143: HemUripterus acadianus Storer, 
Hist. Fish. Mass. 35.) 
