278 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
behind wliieh the others are arranged partly in two rows. Most of these 
teeth, especially the inner and larger ones and the anterior canines, are 
freely depressible. A long series of teeth on the ])alatines, one or two 
of the antei'ior teeth on each side and one or two others long, slender, 
and fang-like. Tongue free anteriorly, ronghish, but apparently with- 
out teeth. Scales very large, cycloid. Dorsal tin inserted somewhat 
behind the middle of the body, at a distance of nearly 4 times its base 
in front of the anal, its height a little greater than the length of its 
base. 1). 11 ; A. -5/ x\nal lin anteriorly nearly" as high as the dorsal, 
its post(‘rior rays low. Dectoral tins i)laced low, rather short, about as 
long as the maxillary. Caudal tin short, narrow, apparently forked. 
Ventrals (lost in the type) probably in front of the dorsal. Coloration 
light olive, the sides silvery, with dark pnnctnlations. Peritoneum 
silvery, underlaid by black pigment. Santa Barbara Channel, California. 
(Jordan A: Gilbert, IToc. U. S. Nat. Miis. 1860, 27:5.) 
**Lo\ver jaw wirUont faiig-liko teeth. {Paralepis Risso.*) 
a. Ventral lins inserted Ijehind the dorsal. {Arctozenus Gill.) 
4G1. S. (Reinhardt) Jordan Gilbert. 
Olivaceous. Snout as long as rest of head; mandible included, its 
upturned tip litting into an emargination of upper Jaw. Teeth as in S. 
contscans, but considerably stronger. Pectoral ^and ventral fins small, 
the latter iiKserted behind the dorsal. Head 4^; depth 12. B. 7; D. 8; 
A. 32; P. 11; Y. 9. Greenland to Gnlf of Saint Lawrence. 
{Paralcpia borealis Reinhardt, Natnrv. Mathern. Afhandl. vii, 115: ParaJejns borealis 
Giyither, v, 418: Arctozenus borealis Gill, Proc. Aead. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 188.) 
462. S. cos'loscasis Jor. & Gilb. 
Dusky olivaceous; sides of head silvery; bases of fins generally 
black; rami of mandible each with a double series of minute phos- 
phorescent spots. Body very elongate, of nearly uniform depth, the 
caudal iieduncle very slender; abdomen comiiressed. Head long; 
snout sharp, half length of head. Eye large, high. Jaws equal; max- 
illary reaching vertical from nostril; tip of lower jaw titting into an 
emargination of ])remaxillaries. None of the teeth fang-like; premax- 
illarics laterally with minute teeth; 4 or 5 longer teeth in front; vomer 
with minute teeth; anterior palatine teeth long, the posterior short; 
teeth of lower Jaw slender, distant, unequal. Scales deciduous, those 
of lateral line enlarged. Fins all very small ; ventrals entirely behind 
* Risso, Ear. Mcrul. iii, 472, 1826: type Ooregonus paralepis Risso. (jrapa, uoar; 
Afn-if, scales.) 
