30G CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
(Icfiiicd spots, but only fine spcckliiigs, which arc often entirely obso- 
lete; head tliisky, scarcely any metallic lustre on head or tail; caudal 
tliisky, plain, or very lincly maculate, its edge usually distinctly black- 
ish; lius all mostlyblackish, especially in males; breeding males generally 
blackish above, with sides brick-rcd, olten barred or mottled. General 
form of the Quiuuat,but the head proportionately longer, more depressed 
and pike-like ; the preopcrcle more broadly convex behind, and the max- 
illary extending considerably beyond eye. Gill-rakers few, coarse, and 
stout, as in the Quinnat. Accessory pectoral scale short, not half the 
length of tin. Head 4; depth 4. I). 9; A. 13-14; scales about 28-150- 
30; li. 13 or 14, rather broad; gill-rakers 9 -j- 15; pyloric coeca 140-185; 
weight about 12 pounds. San Francisco to Kamtschatka, ascending all 
streams in the fall, and spawning at no great distance from the sea; 
abundant in Behring’s Straits. At the time of its run the males of this 
species are much distorted and the flesh has little value. 
{Salmo keta vel Kayko Walbaiim, Artedi Pise., 1792, 72: Salmo keta vel Kayko Bloch 
&, Schneider, ISOl, 407 : Salmo lagocephalus Pallas, Zoogr, Ross. Asiat. iii, 372, 1811-31 : 
Salmo cani8 Suckley, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 1858, 9, and Monogr. Salmo, 101: On- 
corhynehus layoceplialua Giinther, vi, 161.) 
hh. Anal rays about 16 ; back and upper fins with black spots. 
501. O. cBiollicBiJi (Walb.) J, &. G. — Quinnat Salmon ; King Salmon; Columbia Sal- 
mon ; Sacramento Salmon ; Chinnook Salmon ; Tyee Salmon; Fall Salmon (male) ; 
Spring Salmon; Winter Salmon; Saiv-kivey ; Chouicha. 
Color dusky above, ofteti tinged with olivaceous or bluish ; sides and 
below silvery; head dark slaty, usually darker than the body and little 
spotted; back, dorsal fin, and tail usually profusely covered with round 
black spots (these are sometimes few, but very rarely altogether want- 
ing); sides of head and caudal fin with a peculiar metallic tin-colored 
lustre; male, about the spawning season (October) blackish, more or 
less tinged or blotched with dull red. Ilead conic, rather pointed 
in the females and spring males. IMaxillary rather slender, the small 
eye behind its middle. Teeth small, longer on sides of lower jaw than 
in front; vomerine teeth very few and weak, disappearing in the males. 
In the males in late summer and fall, the jaws become elongate and 
distorted, and the anterior teeth much enlarged, as in the related spe- 
cies. The body then becomes deeper, more comiwessed, and arched 
at the shoulders, and the color nearly black. Preoi^ercle and op- 
ercle strongly convex. Body comi^aratively robust, its depth greatest 
near its middle. Yentrals inserted behind middle of dorsal, ventral 
appendage half the length of the fin ; caudal, as usual in this genus, 
strongly forked, on a rather slender caudal i)eduucle. Flesh red and 
