o08 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERIC.VN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
broad. Eye quite small, iiiucli smaller than in 3 ’oung Quinnat of the 
same size. Suborbital verj’ narrow, with a row of mucous pores along 
its surface. ]Maxillaiy slender and narrow, but extending somewhat 
beytind the eye. Teeth very few and small, only two or three on the 
vomer; those on tongue very feeble. Gill-rakers 10+13, rather long 
and slender, nearly as long as eye, toothed. Fins small. Pectorals 
and ventrals short, the ventral appendage three-fifths the length of the 
tin; caudal strongly* forked, on a slender peduncle. Head 4; depth 4. 
1>. 13-14. Pyloric cevea very few and large, G3 (45-80); scales 25-127- 
20. D. 10; A. 13-14 (developed rays). L. 15 inches. AA+ight 3-8 
pounds. A small salmon, asceudiug streams in the fall to no great dis- 
tance. Abundant from San Francisco northward. 
{Sahno kisuich Walhanm, Artedi Pise. 1792, 70: Salmo ki/^utsch Bloch & Schneider, 
1801, 407: Salmo mnguinolentus Pallas, Zoogr. Ross. Asiat. iii, 370: Oncorhijncliits san- 
gulnolcnius Gunther, vi, IGO: Onarhijncltus hjcaodon Gunther, vi, 155, in i)art : Salmo 
ftconleri Suckley, Monogr. Salmo, 94 : Salmo isujypUch Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Amer. 
iii, *224, 1836: Sahno tsuppitch Gunther, vi, 113 (not of Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. i, 
72, 1878, = Sa/)«o Oncorhynchus tsnppitch, Jordan, Forest and Stream, Sep- 
tei!;l)cr 16, 1880, 130.) 
** Gill-rakers comparatively long and numerous (30 to 40 in number) ; scales large, 
in about 130 series. 
503. O. SiOJ'Sia (IValbaum) Gill & Jordan. — Blue-back Salmon; Eed-fish; Fraza^’a 
lliver Salmon; Sugk-eye Salmon ; Krasnaya Eyba. 
Color clear bright blue above; sides siU’ery, this hue overlying the 
blue of the back; lower tins pale, upper duskj'; no spots anj-where in 
adults in spring; the young with obscure black spots above; males 
deep crimson red in the fall ; the fins blackish, the caudal then often 
speckled with black; j'oung breeding males KennerlyP^) often shai’idy 
spotted. Body elliptical, rather slender. Uead short, shari)!^' conic, 
l)ointed, the lower jaw included. Alaxillary rather thin and small, ex- 
tending beyond ej e. Teeth all quite small, most of them freely mova- 
ble; vomer with about 0 weak teeth, which grow larger in fall males, in- 
stead of disappearing. Preopercle ver^' wide and convex; opercle very 
short, not strongly- convex. Preopercle more free behind than in 0. 
diouicha. A+ntral scale about half the length of the fin; caudal fin nar- 
row, widely forked; anal fin long and low; dorsal low. Flesh deep red. 
Alales becoming extravagantlj* hook-jawed in the fall, the snout being 
then prolonged and much raised above the level of rest of head, the 
lower jaw produced to meet it. Alandible IJ in head, in fall males, 1^ in 
females; snout 2^ in head, in fall males, 34 in females. Head 4; depth 4. 
Gill-rakers as long as eye, more numerous than in an^' other of our sal- 
mon, usually B>-23. B. 14+13. D. 11; A. 14; scales 20-133-20; 
