202 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY IV. 
Small fislif'S of the North racitic, romarlcahle for their extreme oiliiiess. 
^Vhe^ dried they hum like a caudle. {OdAstu, rich; fish.) 
■177. T. paciiiciis (Rich.) Gnl. — Eulachon; Cundle-fish. 
('olor white, .scarcely silvery; upper re^ious rendered dark irou-gray 
by the accumulation of dark ])Uuctulations. Body rather elongate, 
slender, ami less compr(‘S.sed than in O.sjncrus. Head long, blunter 
than in JIi/pomc.sKS less com])rc.ssed, broader, and more con- 
vex above, iMouth large, the maxillary rather narrow and long, reach- 
ing beyond the middle of the rather small eye; lower Jaw projecting. 
Opercle with strong concentric striae Gill-rakers numerous, rather 
long and slender. Veiitrals large, inserted just in front of dorsal. 
Bseudobranchiie small. Head 4^; depth 0. B. 8; 1). 11; A. 21; B. 11. 
Lat. 1. 75; ])yloric cteca 11; vertebra} 70. L. 12 inches. Oregon to 
Alaska, ascending the rivers in enormous numbers in the spring. An 
excellent ])an-lish, unsurpassed in delicacj’ of flesh. 
(Salmo {MaUotusl) pac’ificus Richardson, Faima Bor.-Arncr. iii, 226: Thaleichthya 
sttvensi Girard, U. S Pac. R. R. Siirv. Fish. 62.'); Glinthei’, vi, 168.) 
1 12.— OSi^IEKUS Liuuajus 
Smelts. 
(Artcdi ; Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. : type Salmo epcrlanus L.) 
Body elongate, com[)ressed. Head long, pointed. Month wide, the 
slender maxillary extending to past the middle of the eye; lower Jaw 
l)roJecting. Breorbital and suborbital bones narrow. Maxillaries and 
l)remaxillaries with fine teeth ; lower Jaw with small teeth, which are 
larger imsteriorly; tongue with a few strong, fang like teeth, largest 
at the tip; hyoid bone, vomer, palatines, and i)terygoids with wide-set 
teeth. Gill-rakers long and slender. Branchiostegals 8. Scales large, 
loose, (50-70 in the course of the lateral line. Dorsal small, about mid- 
waj’ of the body, over the ventrals; anal rather long. Yertebia} about 
(50. Pyloric emea small, few. Small fishes of the coasts of Europe and 
Northern America, sometimes ascending rivers. They are considerably 
valued as food, odorous; the name is eipiivaleut to the Eng- 
lish “smelt”.) 
a. Vomer witli a cro.ss-scrics of small tcctli; species spawning in tlie sea. 
47«. O. iDaaleiclitSiys Ayres. 
Olivaceous, sides silvery and somewhat translucent. Bodj’ compara- 
tively deep and compres.sed. Head rather short and deep, the maxil- 
