YELLOW OR ORANGE CONSPICUOUS 541 



streaks ; wings and tail blackish ; two white wing- bars, tail with 



small wliite spots at end of latei'al feathers. 

 Adult Female in Spring and Summer: Similar to winter male, but 



black streaking of lipper parts and sides restricted or obsolete ; crown 



sometimes blackish ; throat often blotched with black. 

 Adult Male in Fall and Winter : Similar to summer male, but l)lack 



obscured; crown and hind-neck with olive-green edges to feathers ; 



cheek patch with olive-green tips to feathers ; throat lemon-yellow ; 



chest and sides spotted with black. 

 AdiUt Female in Fall and JV inter : Similar to summer female, but upper 



jiarts, sides, and flanks brownish, with streaks of upper parts 



indistinct. 

 Young Male : Similar to adult winter male, but streaks on crown and 



back obsolete, and yellow of throat paler. 

 Young Female : Similar to adult winter female, but yellow paler and 



markings less distinct. 

 Geographical Distribution : Western North America, chiefly near the 



Pacific coast, north to Alaska ; migrating east to Rocky Mountains. 



and south in winter to Guatemala. 

 Breeding Range : In the pine forests, from Oregon to Sitka. 

 Breeding Season : June. 

 Nest: Compact, cup-shaped; made of gray plant fibres; lined with 



feathers, placed in bushes or trees. 

 Eggs: 3 or 4 ; white, spotted mainly about the larger end with brown 



and lavender. Size 0.64 X 0.53. 



Ml?. Grixxell says : " Tlic Townsciul Warbler occurs 

 ill (,'alifornia as a winter visitant in the Santa Cruz, and 

 8])aringly elsewhere west of the Sierra Nevada ; occurs 

 more widely durini; inii2;rati()n/' 



It is one of tiiose taiit:iliziii<r Warblers who persist in 

 staying in the tops of t;ill trees, where they dodge in 

 and out among the f(diage in a most exasperating way. 

 But, in spite of till difticulties, if the ** Warbln- mad- 

 ness " has taken possession of you, a day of neck-breaking 

 study will count for nothing as against the possibility of 

 identifying a species unknown to you, and foiviiscndi 

 offers unparallele<l opportunities in this line. 



