I. . 



CIk ^risIingtiDiT Culling. 



By Prof. C. LLOYD MORGAN, F.G.S., Assoc. R.S.M. 



THE Great Western Railway Company have recently con- 

 verted the No. 1 tunnel between Bristol and Bath into 

 a wide wall-sided, cutting. Mr. Charles Richardson kindly 

 took me to see the cutting in an early stage, and with the 

 permission of Mr. W. K. Lawrence, I have since frequently 

 visited the spot. Mr. Lawrence was good enough to promise 

 me a copy of the section he was having drawn to scale. I 

 learn from him, through Mr. Richardson, however, that this 

 section has been mislaid. I have therefore drawn a rough 

 sketch, which indicates the geological features exposed in 

 the cutting (Sig. 1). The second sketch (Fig. 2) shows on a 

 larger scale, and with greater accuracy of detail, a portion 

 of the cutting on the N. side about twenty yards W. of the 

 existing signal bridge. 



The cutting runs from a little N. of West to a little S. of 

 East. At the Bristol or Western end the whole face of rock 

 exposed is in the Trias ; but soon the ancient Palseozoic floor 

 rises in an undulating line, so that, as seen in Eig. 1, the rock 

 exposed at the Eastern end of the cutting is entirely Pen- 

 nant. These strong coal-measure sandstones have a general 



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